Cut Install Time 50% Claims Magdaddy

Author: Ari Erenthal, Published on Nov 21, 2016

Modern commercial buildings frequently use open web steel joists that makes running cabling very challenging. Cables need to be run near to but not touching the joist and supported at regular intervals, which can be costly and time consuming.

One supplier, Magdaddy, says they have a solution for this with that reduced time and cost by using neodymium magnetized cable management products.

In this note, we review the issues involved, MagDaddy's offering, potential benefits and tradeoffs.

****** ********** ********* ********** *** **** *** ***** ****** **** ***** ******* ******* **** ***********. ****** **** ** ** run **** ** *** *** ******** *** ***** *** ********* ** regular *********, ***** *** ** ****** *** **** *********.

*** ********,********, **** **** **** * ******** *** **** **** **** reduced **** *** **** ** ************************ ***** ********** ********.

** **** ****, ** ****** *** ****** ********, ********'* ********, potential ******** *** *********.

[***************]

Problems ********

**** ********** **** ******* *** ****** ******* *** ****** *** this ******** *** ******** ********** **** (***). ******* *** ** the *** ******** **** ****** **** ** "******* ** ******** ********* straps, *******, ***** ****, *******, ** ******* ******** ******** *** installed ** ** *** ** ****** *** *****", *** *** simply *** ******* ******* *** ***** *** ****** [***.** *** 800.11]. 

*** **** ****** ****** ** ******** ****** ** ********** ********* is **** * *****, **** ** *****'* *********** ***** * *****, ********* ****** *** ***** $* * *****. *******, ***** require * ******* **** ** ********* **** ** **** ********, which *** **** ** ** $*** * *** **** ******. 

Magdaddy ******* ********

******* ** ****, ******** ***** ***** ********* * **** ** fasteners *** *** ********** *** ********* **********. ** ****, **** began ******** ***** ********** ********, ** ***** ******** ** *** telecom *** ******* **********. ********, **** **** ***** *********** ********** ** ******** and ************ ***** ***** ** ****. 

******* ********

******** ****** * **** ** ***** ********** ******** **** ****** via **** ***** *******. ** ******** *** *** *********** ** examine ****** *****,****** *****,***** *******, ****** **** ******. ******** ****** ***** ******** ** * ******* ** ***** and ******** *********.

*** ******* *** **** ** *********. *** ******* ******* **** ******* ** ******* ******** ******** ** **** clamps. *******, ** ****** *** ******** ** *** ********* ******** ****** **** at *** **** *** ***** **** **** **** ***** ******, certainly ****** ****** ** ********* *** ****** ** * ****** of ******.

********'* * ***** *** ********* *** ~$* * ***** ** volume **** ********** ************. 

**** **** **** *********** *** ** ********* ** ********'* ****, ******** ** ********* ** ***** * * **** ** bridle **** **** *** ******.

** ***** **** **** *******, ***** ******* * ******* **** is ********** *** *********** **** ** ** *********, ******** ****** ***** **** * **** ****** *** * painter's **** **** ** ************* ****** *** ******* ** ***** than ********** ***** *****. 

********'* ********* ***** ***** *** *** ******* **** ********* ** **** open ***** *** **** **** ********:

********

** ******** **% - **% ****** ******** ** ********** **** open *** ***** ****** ********* ** ******* ******:

  • ** ********* **** **' ********, * *** ****** ************ **** can ************* *** * ******* ** ***** ****** ~**% ****** ***** ******** J *****, *** ***** ******* ** * *******'* ****, *** a ****** **** **** *** ******* * ******* ****.
  • ** ********* **** **' ********, ** ******** **** * ****** technician *** *** * ******* ** ***** ****** ~**% ******.

**** ********** **** *********** ******* ** ***** ***** *** ** scissor **** ****** ** ********** ********* **** **' ********, ******** the ***** ******* *** *** ** ***** ** ** ********* with **' ********. 

Drawbacks / *********

*** ******* **** ** ** ***** ****** ** ** **** to ******* *** ****** ** ******. *** ********* ******* ** placing *** **** ** *** ***** ****, ********** **** ***** * painter's ****. * * **** ** *** ***** **** *** very **** ** ******* *********** ** * ******* **** ** not *******. **** ** ****** ***** ** ***, ** ***** not *** *** ****** **** *** *** * **** ** yanking **** ** ****** *** **** ** ******. ******** **** that *** ******* **** ** ** ****, *** ****** ***. They ********* ********** *** * ****** ****** ** ********** ***** products ** *********. 

Vote - ****

Comments (35)

Eddie Perry

11/21/16 03:39pm

*** **** **** * *** ************ ** ** ** *********** many ***** ***. * *** ** *** * ***** ** conduit ****** * ***** ******** *******. *** *** ***** *** for ***** * ***** ****** ****** ** * **** ******* lift **** ** ***** *******.

**** *** * ******* ******* *** *** ***? **** **** metal ******** *** ***** ********* *** * ********** **** *** a ****** ******** **** ** **** ** *** ****.

**** **** **** **** ** *****?

**** ***** * **** ****** * *** ******** ******* ******* there *** * ********* ***** *** ******** *** *** *** building *** ******* *** **** ****** *** ***** *****.

*** *** *********** ***** *** *** **** ****** ******** *** these ****** **** "********" ****** ******* **** ** *** ************ hanging ** *** ******** ***** **** *** **** ****. *** I **** *** * **** **** *** ******** ***** *** grounded, *** *** **** ****** *** ******* ***** ** ****** stick ** *** ******** ***** ******* ** *** ***** ******* anymore.

***** ** *********** ** *** **** ***** ******, *** **** again *** *** ****** ****** ** *** **** ******* ** the **** * ***** ***** * ******* ** ****, **** cabling *** ******* **** ** "************" ***/** "********". * ***** these **** *** *** *** *** ***.

**** ******.....

Thumbnail profile photo

Ari Erenthal

In reply to Eddie Perry | 11/21/16 04:02pm

****, ****'* ******** *** ******** **** ********* *******. *** **** way ** *********** * ********* ****** ** ** *** ********, ****** ***. ** **** ******** **** **** *** ****** ** ***** the ****** ** ****, **** ***** ******* ****** ** ******* ago.

** *** ** *** *** ***** ******* **** ** *********, it ******** **** ****"******* ** ******** ********* ******, *******, ***** ****, *******, ** similar ******** ******** *** ********* ** ** *** ** ****** the *****". ****'* *** * ***** **** ** *** *****.

Eddie Perry

In reply to Ari Erenthal | 11/21/16 04:44pm

*** **** *** *** *********** ********* ******* **** *********.

*** ** ******* ** *** ******** ** *** *******. ******** there ** * ****** *** *** ******** ** **** ******.

*** **** *** ****** ** ******* ****** ** **** ******/****** to *********** *** ** **** **** ***** *** ******** ***** magnets *** * ***** ********

*** *** ****** **** *** ********* ******* ** **** **** were **** **** **** ******** ** **** ******* ******** ** selling

* **** ***** *** ********* ** ************ *********** *****

**** ***** ***** ********* ****** ****** *** *********** ** ****** they ***** ** ******** **** **** ***** ***** **** *** using **** ** **** *******.

** ***** ** * ***** ***** *** * ***** ** more ** * ******* ****** *** ******* **** ** ********

Undisclosed #1

In reply to Eddie Perry | 11/21/16 04:55pm

*** **** *** *** *********** ********* ******* **** *********...

...* **** ***** *** ********* ** ****...

*****, *** *** **** *** *****?

Conclusion

**** ** * ***** **** ******** ***** *** ****** ***** would ***** *** **** ********* ******* ** ** **, ** demagnetization ** *** ********* ******* ** *** ****** ***** ** to ** ********.

Eddie Perry

In reply to Undisclosed #1 | 11/21/16 07:23pm

*** * ***, **** ****** ** ***** ** *** ***** magnet **** **** ***** *** ****** ******

*** *** **** ****** **** ******** ** ***** ** *** used ** *****

**** ** *** * **** ***** ***** **** ** ** some ******* *** **** **** ** ***** **** ******** ** make **** **** *** **** ******.

Undisclosed #1

In reply to Eddie Perry | 11/21/16 10:39pm

*** * ***, **** ****** ** ***** ** *** ***** magnet **** **** ***** *** ****** ******

**, *** ***. **** ** *****. *** ********* ** ********* in *****, *** ****** ** **** ********* ** *********.

*** *************** ** ********* * ***** ** ************* ***

*** ****** *** **** ** ******* * ********'* ********** ** based ** *** ******** ** *** ******** ***** *** *** type ** ********, *** *** ****** ** **.

***********, *** *********** **** *** **** ******* *** **** ********* characteristics ** *** ******, ******* ******** ** ** * ****:

** ********, *** ******* **** *** ****** *** ****, *** will ** *********** **** *** ****** ******* ** *** ******. This **** **** ** ***** ******* ********* *** ********* ***** fields ** *** ******** ** *** ********* ******* ** *** magnet.

Net/net, **** ***** **** *** ******* **** ********** ** ********* ****** ************* *********, ** **** ** **** **** *** ********.

** *** ***** ****, * *** ******* *. ******** **** a ****** ********* ****** *** ***** ***************.

**** ****** *********, ** ******* ****, ***** * ****** ********* strike ***** ****** ***** *** *********** ** **** **** *** degrees, ***** ****** *************** *** ** ******* ** *** *****, as *** ******* *** ** *** ** *** ******* ******** to ***.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to Eddie Perry | 11/22/16 01:11pm

[****** ** **** ********]

** *** *** **** ***** ** **** **** ** ******** we **** *********** ****** *** ******** ** **** ** ****** all **** *** ***** ***** *** *********.

Undisclosed #1

11/21/16 04:42pm

**** ** ****** ***** ** ***, ** ***** *** *** the ****** **** *** *** * **** ** ******* **** no ****** *** **** ** ******.

***** * ******** ****?

***** ******* ****** ** **** ***** ******* *****.

Thumbnail profile photo

Ari Erenthal

In reply to Undisclosed #1 | 11/21/16 05:02pm

* ******* *** ****** **** **** *** **** *** *** I **** **** *** ***** *** ****** ** **** ** I ***** *** ***** * ******. * ***** *** ****** ring ******* ** *** * **** ******* * ******* * could *** * ****** **** *** ***** **** *****. ** dice, ** ****'* ******.

Thumbnail mg 3870

ROSS Vanderklok

IPVMU Certified | In reply to Ari Erenthal | 11/21/16 05:38pm

** **** ** *** ***** ***** **** ** **** **** are ***** ***** *** *** ****? ******'* ***** ** ***?

Thumbnail profile photo

Ari Erenthal

In reply to ROSS Vanderklok | 11/21/16 05:43pm

***'* ****. * ***** * *** ******* ** *** ** it ***** ****** **** ** * ****** ** ******. * didn't ***** ***** *** ********** ******* ** *** *** ************* it ***** *****.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to ROSS Vanderklok | 11/21/16 09:33pm

*** ***** **** ***.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to ROSS Vanderklok | 11/22/16 01:14pm

** ******* **** *** ********** *** * ***** ****** ****** and *** ** ** ******** ** **** ***.

Thumbnail profile photo

Ari Erenthal

In reply to Jeffrey Kintzler | 11/22/16 02:23pm

******, ****. * ****** *** ****** ** *** **** ***.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to Undisclosed #1 | 11/22/16 01:12pm

** **** **** ** **# *** **** ** ******* ** lower **** *** *******.

Thumbnail getphoto

Scott Bradford

IPVMU Certified | 11/21/16 07:06pm

*'** ****** ****** **** ******* **** **** ** *** ****. Their ****** **** ******** ** ****, *** *** *** '*****' them ******** ** *** **** **** ******. * ***** *** (a **** **** *********) ***** * ***** ***** *** ****** in * **** ** *** **** ******* ** *** *** magnet ***** ***** *** (** ******) ***** *** *** *** off *** ****. ****** ********, *** *** **********. * ***** think **'* * *******, ***** ****** ****.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to Scott Bradford | 11/22/16 01:16pm

***** *** ** *** **** ******** ** **** *********.

**** ** ******* ** **** ***** *** ***** *** *** a **** ***** ** *** ***** ********, ** *** ** degree **** *** ** *** **** ********. *** ** ***** and **** ***** ******* **** ** *******.

Undisclosed #1

11/21/16 07:11pm

*** ******, *** ****** (***-*******), ******** ****** ****** ******** ************?

* ***'* ***** **, *** * *** **** ***** ** interesting...

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to Undisclosed #1 | 11/22/16 01:32pm

** **** **** ******* *** * ******* ** ** ********* on *** *******. ** *** ***** ** ** *********@***********.***

*** ****** ** **** **** **** ******** ** * ***** surface *** ******** **** ** ********* ****** *** ***** ***. What **** ******* ** *** *****/***** ** ***** ******** ****** the ***** *** ***** ********* *** ******** ** *** ******. When *** ***** *** ** *** ******** ********* ** *** same ******** *** *-* **** **** *** ********* **** ** move *** **** ** *** ** ******* ***** ******** **** a ***** ****** ******.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

11/21/16 09:24pm

[****** ** **** ********]

*****'* ******* ** **** **** ** *** ********* ****** **** the * **** ********. *** ***** ** **** **** ** business *** * ****** **** *** *****, ** **** ***** had **** *********. **** ** ** **** ** * ******* that **** **** ************ **** ** *****.

** *** **** ** ** **** ** ** ** *** more ** *** ******** ***** **** ***** ** ********. **'* black *** ***** ***** ** ***** ** ***. **** ** also ***** ** **** ******* **** **** **** ** *****. We **** ** ***** ** ******* ** ** ** **'* not * **** *********** ** *** ****. ** **** **** happy ********* *** *** ****** ** *** ***** ******* **** receive.

Eddie Perry

In reply to Jeffrey Kintzler | 11/25/16 01:23am

**** ** ***** **** * ******* ** ***** ** ***** on *** ****. **** **** **** * ******* ******* **** clamps **** **** *** ***** *** * *** *** ***** them ** * *** ** ** **** ******* * *** of **** ****** * ***** ********.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

11/22/16 01:56pm

** ********* ********** **** ** *** ******** ********* *** ** listed *** ****** *****.

******* ********* ******** ***** *********** *** **** *******. ********* ******* have ********* ******* ** *'* *** ****** **** **** *****. They *** ********* **** ** ***** ** ****. *** ********* temperatures *** ** -** ******* ** *** *******.

***, **** ** *** **** *** ** *** **** ******** at ***** ***** **** **** ********* **** **** ** *** temps **** ** ****. *** ******* ***** ** *** ******* is *** *******.

** **** *** ******** ******* ******, *** ** **** **** change ****** *****. ** **** **** *** ******* ** *** you *** *** **** **********. ** **** *** ** *** products ***%.

Undisclosed #1

In reply to Jeffrey Kintzler | 11/22/16 03:08pm

******* ********* ******** ***** *********** *** **** *******. ********* ******* have ********* ******* ** *'* *** ****** **** **** *****. They *** ********* **** ** ***** ** ****.

** '*** *******' ********* *** ******* ***, ** ****** **** been '*** ******* *'.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to Undisclosed #1 | 11/22/16 03:18pm

** ****'* *******.

Undisclosed Integrator #2

11/22/16 09:08pm

* *** ***** ** *** **** *** ******* **** ** AHJ ***** ***. *** **** **** *** ***** ***** **** enforcement ** ** ***** *** **** *** * *** **** not ** *** **** **!

Thumbnail profile photo

Ari Erenthal

In reply to Undisclosed Integrator #2 | 11/22/16 09:27pm

*** *** *** * ****** ** * **** ********?

Undisclosed Integrator #2

In reply to Ari Erenthal | 11/22/16 09:43pm

****, **** "**, ** ** ********* **** **". ****'* **** how ** ** ****. ******* **, ** **** ********* **** where *** *** ******* ***** ******* ** *** *********, **** overbuilt ****** ** *** *********. *** ********** **** *** ***** and *** ***** ***.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

11/22/16 09:19pm

** **** ***** **** ** ****** ***** *****. ** ** a ***** **** *** ********* ** *** ** ****. ****** union * ******. *** ****.

** ***** ** ***** ** ****** ********. *** *** **** him * ******? ** ****** ****** ** ****** ** **** reason. *** **** **** *** ***? ** ***** ** * reason ******* ** *** ******** *** ********** ** ***** *** products. *** *** **** **** **** **** ** ****** *** Plenum *****? *** ***** **% ** *** ******* *** *** approve *** ***** *** *************. ** **** *** ********** ** not *** *** **** ** *** ******** ***** *** ********. If ** ***** * ****** ** **** * ***** ** happy ** ******* ** ** ***.

**** ** ** ******* ** **** **.

Undisclosed Integrator #2

In reply to Jeffrey Kintzler | 11/22/16 09:39pm

**** ** ** ******* **. * **** ****** *** **** the ******* *** ****** ****** ** **** *********** **** **** you ** *** **** *** ******** **** *** ********* "*****'* like". *'** **** *** ** ********* **** ** ******* ***** zip *** ** * ******** (***** **** ***) *** ******* them **** ****** ****. ** ***** ** *** **** *** before ***** ******** **** *****'* **** ******. * ***** *** another ********* *** ** **** **** *** **** ** ***.

Thumbnail profile photo

Ari Erenthal

In reply to Undisclosed Integrator #2 | 11/22/16 09:42pm

*'** **** *** ** ********* **** ** ******* ***** *** tie ** * ******** (***** **** ***) *** ******* **** with ****** ****.

**********.

Undisclosed Integrator #2

In reply to Ari Erenthal | 11/22/16 09:55pm

***, *** ******* **** ** ****** *** *** **** *** replace **** **** ****** ***** ****.......** * ***-****** *******. ******* fun ***** **** ** ** *** *** *** ****** **** an *** ***** *** *** *** *********** *** **** ****** system *** ************ ** *** ** ** **** *** **** ** ***** it ** ** **** ** **** **** ***** *** *** start **** **** * ********* ******* ******.

Moe Levine

11/23/16 05:29pm

* **** ***** ******** ****** ***** ******** ** * ***, it *** ***** *** ********* ******* *** ***** ** * huge *********, *** * ****'* **** *********** ******* ** ******* something **** ********* ** * ********* ****** ** *** ******. But ****'** ***** *** ********* ******* *** *****. ****'** **** very ********* **** ********* ** ***** ******.

Thumbnail golf outing

Jeffrey Kintzler

In reply to Moe Levine | 11/28/16 08:21pm

***,

*** **** ** ****** ** ***** ** ** ****. **** you ****** ******** ** **** *** *********, ***** ** ***, right *** ** *** ***. **** ** ****** ***** ****** $1.80.

**** ********** *** ***** *** **** ***** ** ******** ** the ***** ********* ** **** ***** *** *** ***** ************. Of ****** **** *** *** *** ***** *** *** **** it ** *** *** **** **% -**% ** *****.

** *** ** *** ***** *********** ******* ****.....*** **** ***. Do *** ***** **** *** ***** ** **** ****? **** in ******** **** *** ******** ** ****** ** * ******** comment. ** *** *** ***** ** **** * ************ ****** of *****, *** * **** ***** ** *** ***** ********, any ** ****** *****, *** ** *** **** ********. *** magnetic ********* *** ** **** ** ********* ************* *** *** designed *** ********* *************.

** **** ***** ** ** ***.***********.***

Thumbnail getphoto

Scott Bradford

IPVMU Certified | 12/01/16 04:04pm

********** ******, *** ***** *** **** ******* ** * **** of ***** *****. **** **** ***** ** **** ** ******* different ********.

***** *** ****, *** **** ****, ** **** ******. * even ***** ******* ** ** *** **** ** * ********* in * ******** **** *** ***** **** ********* ********* ** do. **, ****'* * **** *****. **** ****, * *** see ** ** * **** ***** ** *** ***** ************

Thumbnail profile photo

Ari Erenthal

05/01/17 04:04pm

******:******** * ***** *** *** ** ****** ** ********** ******* under ****/** ****.

*** **** ** *** **** ** *** ***, *** ****** / ********* ****** ************ ********.

Login to read this IPVM report.
Why do I need to log in?
IPVM conducts unique testing and research funded by member's payments enabling us to offer the most independent, accurate and in-depth information.

Related Reports

Winter 2019 IP Networking Course on Nov 05, 2018
This is the only networking course designed specifically for video surveillance professionals.  Lots of network training exists but none of it...
Network Cable Shootout - Belden, Hikvision, Honeywell, NavePoint CCA, Windy City Wire on Nov 05, 2018
Every IP camera install needs UTP cabling. But how much of a difference is there between dirt cheap generic cables found online and the bigger,...
IP Camera Installation Tool Shootout - Avigilon, Axis, Ideal, Hanwha, Triplett, Veracity on Oct 23, 2018
Setting up IP cameras has historically been challenging, with techs often precariously using a laptop on a ladder or lift. Some options for install...
IP Camera Installability Shootout - Avigilon, Axis, Bosch, Dahua, Hanwha, Hikvision, Uniview, Vivotek on Oct 08, 2018
What are the best and worst cameras from an installation standpoint? Which manufacturers make it harder or easier to install their cameras? We...
Network Cable Testing Guide on Oct 02, 2018
Proper cable installation is key to trouble-free surveillance systems. However, testing is often an afterthought, with problems only discovered...
Ladders For Installers Guide on Sep 25, 2018
Ladders are one of the most important pieces of worksite equipment for the surveillance technician. Too often, however, even highly experienced...
Alexa Guard Expands Amazon's Security Offerings, Boosts ADT's Stock on Sep 21, 2018
Amazon is expanding their security offerings yet again, this time with Alexa Guard that delivers security audio analytics and a virtual "Fake...
Amazon Ring Spotlight Cam Tested on Sep 17, 2018
Amazon's Ring has released their latest camera entry, the Spotlight Cam, which we bought and tested in our Consumer IP Camera Analytics...
IP Camera Cable Labeling Guide on Sep 14, 2018
Labeling cables can save a lot of money and headaches. While it is easy to overlook, taking time to label runs during installation significantly...
VMS Export Shootout - Avigilon, Dahua, Exacq, Genetec, Hikvision, Milestone on Sep 13, 2018
When crimes, accidents or problems occur, exporting video from one's video surveillance system is critical to proving incidents. But who does it...

Most Recent Industry Reports

Throughtek P2P/Cloud Solution Profile on Nov 15, 2018
Many IoT manufacturers either do not have the capabilities or the interest to develop their own cloud management software for their devices....
ASIS Offering Custom Research For Manufacturers on Nov 15, 2018
Manufacturers often want to know what industry people think about trends and, in particular, the segments and product they offer.  ASIS and its...
ISC East 2018 Mini-Show Report on Nov 15, 2018
ISC East, by its own admission, is not a national or international show, billed as the "Largest Annual Northeast U.S. Security...
Hikvision Silent on "Bad Architectural Practices" Cybersecurity Report on Nov 14, 2018
A 'significant vulnerability was found in Hikvision cameras' by VDOO, a startup cybersecurity specialist. Hikvision has fixed the specific...
French Government Threatens School with $1.7M Fine For “Excessive Video Surveillance” on Nov 14, 2018
The French government has notified a high-profile Paris coding academy that it risks a fine of up to 1.5 million euros (about $1.7m) if it...
Integrator Credit Card Alternative Divvy on Nov 13, 2018
Most security integrators are small businesses but large enough that they have various employees that need to be able to expense various charges as...
Directory of Video Intercoms on Nov 13, 2018
Video Intercoms, also known as Video Door-Phones or Video Entry Systems, have been growing in the past decade as more and more IP camera...
Beware Amazon Go Store Hype (Tested) on Nov 13, 2018
IPVM's trip to and testing of Amazon Go's San Francisco store shows a number of significant operational and economic issues that undermine the...
Magos Radar Company Profile on Nov 12, 2018
Magos America General Manager Yaron Zussman admits when he first came across Magos, he asked himself: "What's innovative about radar?" Be that as...
Genetec Privacy Protector Tested on Nov 12, 2018
Genetec has built Kiwi Security's Privacy Protector into Security Center, an analytic which anonymizes individuals in cameras' fields of view...

The world's leading video surveillance information source, IPVM provides the best reporting, testing and training for 10,000+ members globally. Dedicated to independent and objective information, we uniquely refuse any and all advertisements, sponsorship and consulting from manufacturers.

About | FAQ | Contact