IP Network Hardware for Surveillance Guide
IP networking equipment is critical to an effective video surveillance system. But what are the key pieces of equipment, important features, and where and why should you use these elements?
In this report, IPVM answers those questions and examines:
- Fast / Gigabit / 10 Gigabit Ethernet
- Actual vs. Rated Throughput
- Ethernet Switches
- PoE vs non-PoE Switches
- Managed vs. Cloud vs. Unmanaged Switches
- Routers / Default Gateways
- Cloud Bridges / Appliances
- Media Converters - Fiber and Coax
- Ethernet over UTP Extenders
- Ethernet Network Distance
- Wireless
- Network Interface Cards
- Multiple NICs
- Customer Premise Equipment
- Racks and Shelves
Network ******
*** **** ******** ** ******* **** is ***** *** ****** *** **/* (Fast ********) ** *,*** **/* (******* Ethernet/GbE). ***** ******* ******** ********** ********, i.e., *** **** **** **** **** may ******. ***** ********, **** ** 10 ** ** ******* ********, *** available ****** ********* *** **** ** surveillance **** ********* ** *******.
***** *** ***** ****** ***** ******* in *** ** ******** *****:
- **** ********: *** ****
- ******* ********: *,*** ****
- ****** ******: ** ****, ** ****, 100 ****
Fast ********
**** ******** (*** **/***) ** **** for *********** ** ***** *******, **** as *******, ********, *** */* *******. Rarely ** ***** ******* ******* ******* speed. ******* *****-********* *** ** ******* common (**** **** ********* ******* *****), camera ******* *** ********* ** **/* and *****, ****** *** ***** ****** to ******* *** *** ** ******* Ethernet *** *** **** ** *** network.
Gigabit ********
** ********, ******* ******** (***) ******* are ***** ** ****** *** **** data *** ****** **** **** ******** devices. *** ******* *** ********* ********** more ********* (**-**%) **** ***** ********** Fast ******** ************. ** ************, *** is ********* **** ** ******* ******** together, ** **** ******** ** ********* not **** ****** *** ***** *********. Additionally, ** *** ** **** ** connect ******* ** ******* ******* (***/***).
10+ ******* ********
** *** *** ****** ****** *** uncommon ** ************. ** ** ********* used ** **** ****** ************ ********** large ********** ** ******** *** ******* which ******* **** ********** **** **** Mb/s ***** *** *******. *** **** likely *********** *** ** *** ** surveillance ** ** ********** ***** ********** of ******* ** * ******* ******* (SAN), ********* **** **** ** **** large *******, **** ** ******** ************.
****** ****** **** ** ** *** 100 *** *** ****, *********, *** unlikely ** *** *** ** ************ in *** **** ******.
Actual **********
*** ***** ****** ********** ******** ** all ** ***** ******* **** ** less **** *** ******** *******, ** other ******* ********* *** *** ****** design ****** ****** * ******* ** bandwidth ** ********. *********, ***** **-**% of ***** ***** *** ** ******** for ****** **********, ******* **-** **/* in * **** ******** ****, ***-*** Mb/s ** ***, ***.
Ethernet ********
*** ****** ** * *** ********** device ****** ** ************ ********. *** primary ******** ** * ****** ** to ******* ************ *** **** ****** a *******, **** * ******* **** in * ************ ****** ** ********** cameras ** ********* *** ********* ** viewing *******.
**** ********** *** ********* ******** *** common, ******* ******* **** * ** 96 ***** (** ********* ****) ** a ****** ***. ** *** ****-*** enterprise-scale, ******** ******** *** ** ****** together **** * ****** ******* **** potentially ********* ** ********* ** *****.
**** ******** ****** *** ** ********* with *** ** **** *** *****, which *** ************ ************ ** ****** for ********** ******** ******** ******** ******* to * ******* ********* ******. *************, a ****** *** **** ******** **** an***/+ ************** *** ********** *** ****** ** fiber ***** ****** ** ******* **** bandwidth ******* ******.
*** ********** ********** **** **** *********** ***** prefer ***** ************ ******, ****** ** * ******* margin **** ** ******** *****, *** only ***** ********** ****** ***** ********.
PoE ** ***-*** ********
*************,**** ** ****** *********** *** *** switches. ***** *** ******** ******** **** also ***** ** ******* ********* ** them. *** *** ****** *** *** switches *** *** **** ***** ***** they ******* (**** ** *** ******* enough ** *** ***** *** ******** IP *******) *** *** **** ***** are *** *******. ****, ** **** to ***** *** **** ***** ** the ****** *** *** *******, ** it ** ******** **** **** *** total **** ***** *.*. * ** port *** ****** *** **** **** 8 ***** **** ******* ***. *** more, *** ****** ***** *** ** ***** ************.
Managed ********
******* ******** ***** *** **** ** connect, **** ******** *** * *** interface, ** ******* ********** *** ***** tasks. ********* ****** ** ********** *** available, ******** ******** ** ** "***** switches" ****** "***** *******", ****** *** features ********* ** **** **** ** manufacturer.
** ************, ******* ******** *** **** commonly ****, ** **** *** ****** (outside ** **** *****, ***-**** *-* port *******) ******* **** **** ** management **********. ************ ***** *** *** the ********** ********* ** ****** ******* by ******* *** *****, *** ** network ********** *** ****, **** ********* for ***************,******* ************ ******* *** *****, ** ********* *********, *** ********* not ***** ** ********* ******. ***** is *** *** ********* ** * Cisco ******* ******.
******* ******** **** ***** ***** ** label **** ** ********* ** **** port *** ****** ***************. **** ********* have ********** **** ******** **** ** viewing **** ***********, ** ****, **** as ********, ***** ****** ********* ******* viewing ** ****** **** ******:
Cloud ********* **********
** ******** ** ***** ********** ********** like *** *****, **** ****** ******* have ******** ***** ********** ** ***** devices, ***** ****** *** ****** ********** and ********** ******* ******** **** ********** or **** ******* *** *****.
********'* ***** ** ** ******* ** this, ***** ***** **** ***** ***** managed:
** ****, ***** ********* ******** *** available **** *** ****** ****** *************. Some ************* ***** ** ******* **** traditional ******* ****** ******** ** ***** connected ********, ****** **** * ******** line ** ******** ************ *** ***** switches, *** ****, **** ********, ******, and ******, ***** *****-***** ********. ***** is ** ******* ** *** ******** cloud-connected ****** ***********.
Unmanaged ********
** ******** ** ******* ********, ********* switches ***** ** ************* ** ********** capabilities, ****** ********** ******* ** * single ******** ***. **** *** ********* the ******-**** ****** ********* *** ****** be **** **** ** **** ***** systems, ********* * ******* *** *****, where ********** *** ******** ************* *** not ********. *******, *** ***** **-***** savings *** ********* ******** **** ******* ones *** ****** ** *** **** significant ****** ** *** ****-**** ** or **** ******** ****** ****** **** could **** ********* **** ****** ********** capabilities.
*******
***** ******** *** **** ** ******* devices ******** ** * ***** *******, routers *** **** ** ******* ******** networks. *** ****** ******** ******* *******, sending **** ******* ********* ******* *** local ******* ******* *** *** **** to * ***** (********* ** *** internet). ***** ******* ** **** ********.
***** **** ******* *** ****** **** to ***** ******* *******, **** ******** they ******* ******** ********. **** ****** only ******** ******* **** ******** ******* through *** ******, ***** ** ***** set ** *****.
** ************, ******* *** **** ***** used ** ******* *** ************ ******* to ***** ********, ****** ** * physical ********. **** ****** *** ************ network ** ****** ************ ****** ** those ***** ***** ************** ******.
**** ******* ************ *************** ******** / ******** **** ** VPN.
********* ** ******* *** *** ********* directly ** *******, **** *** ********* to ******** *** **** *** ******** are ********* ** *** ******.
Router/Switch '***********'
**** ******* *** ******* ****** *****, especially ****** ******** *** ****** ***** or ******** ***. **** ********** *** need *** * ******** ****** ** small ********. *******, ***** ***** *** rarely ***, ** ****** ****** ****** connections ******** * *********** *******.
****, **** ******** ******* ******* *********. However, ***** ******* *** ********* **** in ***** **** ******** ** **** efficiently ******* ******** ***** **** *********** routers, ***** ******* *** ***** **** for ****** ******** ************, **** ** connecting ** *** ********.
Cloud ******* / **********
**** ***** ********** ** ****, **** providers *** ***** * ****** ******/******/******* device ******** ******** ** ** * "bridge." ***** ***** ********* ****, *** bridge ********* ******** *** ****** ***** for *******, ***** ** ********* ** the ***** ***** **. ******* *** also ******* ***** ******* ****** *** short **** (**** ***** ****** ****** term ** *** *****) ** **** term ******* (**** *** ***** ** simply ********* ****** ** ***** **********).
***** ******* *** **** ** **** and **** ****** ********* **** ****** count, ********, *** ******. ***** *** some ******** ** *** ******* **** factors: ***** **** ****** (******* ** a ***), *** ****, *** *********** server-based.
***** *** **** ***** *** ***** devices: ******, *********, **** (***** ******* video ********), *** (***** ***** ********), and ****.
Media ********** - ***** *** ****
***** ********** ***** ******** **** ******/*** cables ** ***** ******. ***** ***** cables ******* ****** *********, ****** *********, and *** ****** ** ****** ***** of ************ ***** ****** ****** ******** cables.
** ************, ***** ***** ********** *** most ******** **** ** ******* ******* more **** **** **** **** * switch ** * ******** *******, **** as ****-******* ******* ** ******* ****. For ****, ******** ******* ***** *********.
******* **** ** ***** ********* ****** to ************ ** *** ******** **** Coax *******. *** *********** ***** ********** allow ***** ** ***** ******** ******* cables ********* *** ****** ****** ******* to ******* *** ** *******. ** cover ***** ** ****** ** *********** **** **** ********.
Ethernet *********
** ** **** ******** ** ****** distance *********** ** ******* *** ******* far ****** *** **** *** ** using ******** *********, ***** ******* ****** in **** ***** ****, ************ *** signal *** ******* ***.
***** ******* *********** ********* *** **** to ******* ** *** **** *** own ****** ** * ***** ******** to ******** ********* ********* *** ******* while ******** **** *********.
Ethernet ******* *********
******* *** ******* **** ******* ********, regardless ** *****, ** *** ******** between *** *******. *** **** *** Gigabit ******** **** **** ***** ** UTP *****, *** ******** ****** *** exceed **** (***') *** *** ********** set *********.*. ****** ** ******* *** ******** longer ***** ** **** *********** ********, usually ******* ***** ******* *** ************* issues ******* *******, ********, *** *******. For **** *** ******* ******** ******** ****.
***** *** **** ************* ***** *********** ******** *********, ***** **** ********** ** ********** in *** *******. *******, ***** ****** cable **** ** ********* ** *********, ***** *** ** ************ ** many *****. ************, ** *********-********* ********* is **** ** *** ******, ***** runs **** **** ** ** ************, and ******** ***/** ********* *****, ***.
Network ********* *****
*** ******* ********* **** (***) ******** the ********* ******** ** ********** * computer ** * *******. * "********" might ** * ****** ** ***********, but ***** **** ******** ** ** camera ** ***. ** *******, *** device **** ********** ** ******* ** a ******* ******** * ***.
** ****** ***, *** ********* **** not ***** ** * ******** **** installed **** * ******'* *********** ** camera's ***. *******, *** *** ** often ********** ********** **** *** ******** it ** ******* ****, *** **** dedicated ******* ********* ***** *** ********* only ***** ** *******:
Multiple ****** *** *****
*******, ******* **** ******* **** * single ******* *********, *** * ****** may **** *** ** ****. * common '**** ********' ** ***** ** recorder *********** *** ******** ** ** physically ********* ******* *********** ** * dedicated ***. * ****** ***** **** two ****, ***** *** ** ********* to *** ******* ** ******* *** the ***** ** ********* ** * common *** ******** ** ************ ********* video.
***** ****** ******* ******** *** *** NIC. ** ***** ******* ************ ********* both ***** *** ******** ********, ********* must **** ******** **** *** ****. Each *** *** ** ***** *** IP ******* **** ******** *** ******** and ******** ** * *******.
Customer ******* *********
***** ******** ** ************ ******** *** encounter *** **** "***", ***** ****** for "******** ******* *********." *** ********* refers ** ********* ** *** ******** location, *** *** ***** ** ********, most ***** **** ** ******* ** another *******, ******* (*** *** ******) the ********. *****, *** **** ****** types ** *** *** ***** *** DSL ****** *** ********** ********** (*.*. FiOS) **** *** **** ******** ***********.
Racks *** ********
***** *** ******* ***** ** ********** for ********** ** **** ** ******** network ********* ******* **** ** ****** switch ** **** *******. ***** *****, cabinets, *** ****** **** ** * variety ** ***** *** **** ******* and ******* ******* ************* *** *****, power, ********, *** ***** *******, ******* in ****** ** ********** ***** *** ************ *****
********
**** ***** ** ******** **** ** cover *** ****** ** ***** **************. Wireless ********** *** *** *** **************, design ************, *** ******** **********, ******* in *********** *** ***** ************ *****.
******* ********* *** **** ** ******** space *** ************ ** ************ ******* for **** ******** ********, **** ** controllers, *** ***** *** **** ***** used ** **** *******, *** ************.
Test **** *********
**** ****** ******** *******.
[****: **** **** *** ********** ********* in **** *** ******* ** **** and ****]
***** ****. ** **** **** ******* ring ****** *** *****, *** *** servers *** *** ***** * ** links. **** ** ********* ** ****** point ** *******, ***** * ****** fault *** *** **** ** **** some ******* ******** ** ***, ** there ** ** ****** ******* ******. We **** ****** *** *** ** the ****. **** *% ** ********* on *** ******* ******. **'* ****** there *** ****** ******.
*** * ***** **** **** ***'** said.
** ******** ********* *** ***** ******* STREAMVAULT ******** ***** ** ****** *** cameras.
******* *** *** **** ********* ** release **** ***** *** *****/******/****** ******* with **** *** **** ********* ******** for *******. ******* ***** *** ******* have * ****** ** ******** ************ (multiple ****, ****, ********* *****, ***.) the ****** ******** ** *** ****** point ** *******, *** ** ********* a ****** ******* **********. * ***** strongly **** * ******** **** **** many ******* ** ******** ******** ******* for *** ******* *****: ********* ********* and ******** *********, ******** ********* ** segment ******* *** ******* ******** (***** more **** *** **** *** **** that ****** ***** ** ******), * dedicated ****** *******, ***. **** ** even **** **** ** *** ******* span ******** *********. * ***** **** recommend ** ******** *** ****** *******, never *** ******* ** ******** ** moot.
** ********** **** ****** ****** ** the "********** *****", **** ****** * *** **** cameras ** **** ******** *** ** detrimental - ********** ******-***** ****** *********, digital ************, *** *** ** *** Kiwi *********.
*****,
**** ***********. ******* ******* *** ***** on ************.
+**% ** *** ******** ******* *** connected ** ******** *** **** ***** connections *** ****** *******. **** ***** ports *** ******** **** **** ******* and **** ******** **** *** **** UBNT ** ****** *** ***** ********. Having **** ***** ******* **** ***** sense ** ******* **** *** ***** as ** *****'* **** **** ** do ****.
**** ** ** ******* *** **** so * **** ******** ******* ** overkill, ******* * **** **** ****** put ** **/*** ******** *******. ******* switches *** ********* *** *********** ***.
** ** ***** ******** *** **** a **/*** ****** **** **** * ports **** **** *** **** * gigabit ****** **** *** ** ******** being ********* ** *** ****** ******** system.
**** **** ****
"** *** *** ****** ****** *** uncommon ** ************. ** ** ********* used ** **** ****** ************ ********** large ********** ** ******** *** ******* which ******* **** ********** **** **** Mb/s ***** *** *******. *** **** likely *********** *** ** *** ** surveillance ** ** ********** ***** ********** of ******* ** * ******* ******* (SAN), ********* **** **** ** **** large *******, **** ** ******** ************."
*********. ** ******** ********* *** ***** Genetec *********** ******** ***** ** ****** 850 *******. **** ** *** ***** 750 ****** * **/***** ******* *** 1Gb/s **** ********* *** ** *** to ******* *** ****/* *** ******** to *** ***** ******.
***, **** ** ******* ********** (* intentionally **** ** *******) *** ******* on *** ******** **** ******* ******* then **** ** *** *** ***** I ******* ****** *******. *** **** we **** *** ** ** **** first ***** ****** * **** ** adding ****/******* ** **** ******** *** a ******.