Network Addressing for Video Surveillance Guide

Author: IPVM Team, Published on Feb 04, 2015

The goal of this guide is to explain addressing devices on IP networks, focusing on how IP cameras and recorders are used in those networks.

  • MAC Addresses
  • Multiple NICs Possible
  • Manufacturer OUIs
  • IP Addresses
  • Address Conflicts
  • IPv4 vs IPv6 Formats
  • Video and IP Addresses
  • Dynamic vs. Static Addresses
  • Public vs Private Addresses
  • Network Classes

*** **** ** **** ***** ** ** ******* ********** ******* on ** ********, ******** ** *** ** ******* *** ********* are **** ** ***** ********.

  • *** *********
  • ******** **** ********
  • ************ ****
  • ** *********
  • ******* *********
  • **** ** **** *******
  • ***** *** ** *********
  • ******* **. ****** *********
  • ****** ** ******* *********
  • ******* *******

[***************]

MAC *********

*** ******* ******* (***, *******, *******, ********, ***.) *** ********* with * ********* *******, ****** **** ******* (***** ****** *******), * ****** ** ********* **********, **** **:

**:**:**:**:**:**

***** *** ********* *** ****** ** *** ******* *** ** not ******, **** *** ********* ****** *** *********** ******* ** a ******* **** ** *** ** ******* ** *******.

Multiple **** ******** *** ********

** * ****** *** ******** ******* **********, ** *** **** more **** *** ****** *** *******. *** *** ** ********** with * ******'* ******* **********, *** *** *** ******* ******.  In *** **** ** ******* **** ******** ******* ***********, **** * camera **** **** * ***** ******** **** *** ** ********** wireless *****, *** ****** ***** **** **** **** * ****** MAC *******.  

*******, ***** *** **** ******** ** ******* ******* **** * single ******** ****, *** *** ******* ***** **/** ***** ********** used ** ******** *** ****** ******.

Organizationally ****** **********

*** ***** *** ****** ** * *** *** ****** ******, *** **** ************ ** ******** *** ** **** ****** identifiers. *** *******, ***** *** *** **** ** **** ****** cameras *************:

  • ********: **:**:**
  • ****: **:**:**, **:**:**
  • *****: **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**
  • *****: **:**:**, **:**:**
  • *********: **:**:**, **:**:**
  • ******* (*******): **:**:**
  • ****: **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**, 78:84:3C, **:**:**, **:**:**, **:**:**

** *** **** ** ************* **** ** ****, ***** *** part ** * ****** ************, ** ** ********* ** **** which ** ***** **** ** **** ************ *** ******** ******* scanning *******, ** **** *** ****** ****** ** "**** ***********" in*** *******.

*** *******

** ***** ***** ************* *** ***** ******* **** *******, ***** OUI ** **** ******* ** ************* **********. *** *******, ******** the *** ******* ** * *-*** ****** (**:**:**:**:**:**), ** ** listed ** *****, **** ** *** ******* **** ** ** scanning **** *****. ******, *******, **** *** *** ** *** manufacturer ********* *** ******.

******* ** ***** ************ ****

**** ** **** ** ************ ****** ********** **** *** *** ** *** ************ (** *******, ****, PCs, ***.) *** **** ***** ****.

IP ********* *******

** ********, **** ********** *** ** *********, ********* *******, *********, access ******* ******, *** ****. *** ** ******* ** * camera ** **** ** *** ** ** * *** ** NVR, ***** ****** ******** ******** ** *** *** *** *** IP *******.

** ** ******* (**** ************) ******** ** **** ***** (****** octets ******* **** ******* * **** ** ****) ******* ** value **** *-***, ********* ** *******, **** **:

***.***.*.**

*** ** ******* ** ******* **** * ******* ******* (***.***.* in *** ******* *****) *** * **** ******* (.** ** this ****). ** * ****** ***, *** ******* ******* ** typically *** **** *** *** *******, ***** *** **** ******* differs. ** ***.***.*.**, ***.***.*.**, *** ***.***.*.** *** ******* ********* *******. The ************ ***** ** ***** * ***.***.***.* ****** ****

 ** ********* **** ** ******

** **** **** *** ****** ******** ** *** *** **** IP *******, ********* ******* **** ** **** ** ******* ** the *******. ** ***, *** **** ** ********* ******** **** a ****** *** ********* *** ** ******* ** ** ******* conflict. *******, ** *** ******* ***** *** **** *******, ****** will ********* *** ** *********, ******* ** ****** *************** ****. 

**** **** **** ************* **** ***** ******* **** * ********* default ** *******. ******** **** **** *** **** *** ******* at * **** **** ***** ******* *********, ** ***** ******* must ** ********* *** ** * **** *** **-*********. ********** should ***** ** ***** ****** ************(*) *** ******* ** ********* and **** ******* ***** ***********.  **** ********** **** *** **** *** ***********.

IPv4 **. ****

******* *** *** ** *** ******** *** ******** **** ****, ******** about *** ****** ** ********* ********* ***** **** ****** ***** (called ******* **********), **** ** *********** ** ** ******** ******* ******,****.

****** ****, ***** **** ** **** (***) *** **** *******, IPv6 **** ** ****** (*** **** *****), ********* ************* (*-* + *-*). **** ***** ********* ** ****** ********** *** octets. *** *******:

****:*****:****:****:****:****:****:****

**** ******** ** ******* **** ******* ** ************* ************* *********, * **** ******** **** *** **** ***** ** ***** *.* billion *********.

**** ******** ******* ****** *** **** *******, *** **** ****** IP ******* *** ** ********** ** *** ****** ******. **** that *** **** ****** ****** ** **** **********.

IPv4 *** ************

******* ****'* ****** ******* ****, **** ********* ** ** *** dominant ****** ****. ********** *** ******* ********, **** * ****** number ** ********* ******* **** * ************ ******, ******* ********** ** not * ********* *******. **** ******* ****** ** *** *** administer, *** ***** ** ****** ** ** ****** ** *** the **** ******* **** ******.

Static **. ******* **********

******* *** ** *** **** ****** * ****** (**** *** change **** ****) ** ******* (******* ************ ***** ** ***** time) ** *******. ******* ******* *** **** *** ********* ***** devices *** ********** ** *********** *** ** *******, ****** **** dynamic ******* ****** ****** **** *** ** *******, ******* ***** to *********** *******. *********, *** ******* ** ******** ******* *** typically ******** ******** ****** *********.  ***** ******* ********* *** ******* that **** ** ** ***** *** ***** ** ******* ** comparable ** ****** ** ******* ****** ** ***** ** * town ***** *** ****** *** ********** *** *** ******* *** renamed ************.

*******, ***** *** **** ***** ** ***** ******* ********* *** be ****. 

  • **** ******* ** * *** ************ *******, ***** (******* **** ************* ********) ******** ***** **** ** *********** ****** ** ********* ** ******* so **** *** ** ******* *** *************. *** *******, * new ****** ********* ** *** ******* ******** ** ******* **** the ******, ***** *** ********* ***** ** ******* ******* ************* and ****** * ********* *******. 
  • **** **** ******* *******, **** ** ****** *** *** ******* may ** *********** *********. ***** ***** ******* *** ********* **** only ************, *** ********* ** *** **** ** ** ******* for ************* ** ********* ** * *** ** ** ******* as ******* ***, ********* **** * ******* ******* ** ***** sufficient.

*** **** ****** ** *** ****** ********** ** * '**** practice' *** ** ***** *******, **** *** ******* **. ****** ** ********* ****.

****-*************

***** ** * ****** ** ******* ********* ********* ** *** by ****-*************, ******** ****** ********, ***** ****** ******* ** *** a ******* ******* ******* * **** ****** ** *****. ** surveillance *** **** ****** ******* ** **** ** ******* ***** of ** *******. ********** * ****** ******** ** * ******, with **** ******* *** ** *** ******* **********, **** **** both be ************* ********* ** ** ******* ********* **** ***.***. **** ****** initial ************* ** ** ********* *** *** ** ******* ******* without ******* * **** ****** (**** **** ****, *** *** all, ******* ******* ******* ****).

Default ********

*********, *** ********* ** ***** ************, *** **** '******* *******' is ********** **** *******. ** ******* *** ****, **** ***, have ****** ** ***** ** *** ******* ** *** ******* gateway. ** ********, **** ***** *** ******* ** *** ****** - *** ******* ** *** ********.

*** ******* ******* ** ****** *** ********* ** ***** ******** to ****** *** ** ***** ************ *********. *** *******, ***** at * ****** **** ** ** ***** ****** ***** ********* not ** **** ** ******* ** ** ** ****** ** recorder **** **** *** **** * ******* ******* ***. *********, in ******** ************, **** ** **** ** *******, ** ***** any ****** ** *** ******.

Network *******

** *******, *** ************ ******* ********* ****** ********* ** * network, *** ***** ********* ****** ** ****** ***-******** ********* ** a ******** **** ****** * ************ ******. *** ***** **** common ******* ******* *** ******* ** *******:

  • ***** *: **** **** ******** **** ** ******* ** ********* per *******, *** **** ******** *** ********* *******. (**** *.*.*.* to ***.***.***.***)
  • ***** *: *** **** ******** **** **,*** ** ********* *** network, *** ***** **,*** ********* *******. (**** ***.*.*.* ** ***.***.***.***)
  • ***** *: **** **** ******** **** *** ** ********* *** network, *** ****** * ******* *******.  (**** ***.*.*.* ** ***.***.***.***)

Private/ ****** ********

***** ****** ** *** ******** *** ** ** *******, *** not ***** ********* ****** ** ** *** ********. *** ********** is *** ******** ******* ******* **. ****** ********. *** *******, a ** ***** ******* ***** ******* ** ******** ** ********* of ******* ******* * ****** **** ***** ******** ********* ** the ********.

********* **** * *** ******* ********** ******* **** ******* ** firewalls *** ***** * ****** ** *******.  *******, **** ********* or ** ******* *** ** ******** ********* (********,*) ** *** ***. **** ** *** **** ****** ** consumer/residential *** ***** ****** *** **** ******* *** ********** *******, which ********* ****** ******* ********, **** *************' ** ********** ********** not ** **** ***** ******* ** *** ********.

******** ** *** "***" *** *** "***" ******* ****** *** designated *** ******* ********. *** ********* ********* *** "******," *** routable ** *** ****** ********.  ******* ******** *** *** ** ********* ******** ** *** ********* ranges:

  • ***.***.*.* - ***.***.***.*** (**,*** ** *********)
  • ***.**.*.* - ***.**.***.*** (*,***,*** ** *********)
  • **.*.*.* - **.***.***.*** (**,***,*** ** *********)

** ****** *******, ** ********* *** ********** ********** *******, ***** ***** ******** ******* ****** * ******* ** *** expense ** ****** * ******* ************* ****. **** ************ ******* are ********* ** * ***** * *******, ** ********* ** *** ***** ******* ** ********* ** *** *** *** ** *****? **********, ** ***** **% ** *********** **** **** *** ***.***.* networks *** ***** *************.

**** **** *********

**** **** ** ******** **** ***

Comments (27)

Mel Montano

03/11/15 09:11pm

**** **** ** ************ ** *** **** ******?

John Honovich

IPVM | In reply to Mel Montano | 03/12/15 12:34am

***, ** ** *** **** ******, *** **** ****, **** yes :)

*********, **** **** ** *** ******** ** ********** ****** *** years ** ****.

**** ** ********** ******* ****** *** ***** **** **** ** years ** **** *** ******, ******** ** ***** ****** ******* today.

zachary sayer

In reply to Mel Montano | 05/15/15 02:05am

* ***** ***** ** ** ******** **** ** **** ** discontinued.

Steve Mitchell

In reply to zachary sayer | 05/15/15 03:55pm

* *** ******* ******* ******* **** ********* ***** *** *** US ** ******* *** ** ***. *** ****** *****--**** *** going ** ** ** **** *** *** ***.

*** **** ********* *** *** ******** ********* ** *** ****** internet, *** *** ******* ***** ****** * ********. ***** *** millions ** ******* **** *** **** *** **** ***.***.*.* ** number *** ****'* **** ****.

* ******* **** **** ** ******** ** ** **** **** NAT, *** * ****** ******** **** ********* **** ********* *** time ****.

** * ***** * **** ****** ****** **, *** **** will ** **** *** ******* ********* ** *** ****** ********, but **** **** ****** *** ***** **** **** ****** ** the ***.

John Honovich

IPVM | In reply to Steve Mitchell | 05/15/15 04:01pm

** *** ** ********** ******, ** ** ** ********** ****** attendees ** **** ** ***** ****** ** *******. **** ~*** responses ********, **** **** ** *** **** ********* ***.

Chris Dearing

IPVMU Certified | In reply to John Honovich | 05/15/15 04:19pm

******** ***** *** ********* *** ******* ******** ** **** ** 18 ****** *** *** **** ***** ****. ;)

Alex Wasilesku

IPVMU Certified | In reply to Mel Montano | 07/19/16 02:45pm

* ***** *** *** **** ******. ** ** ****** ***** exhausted *** *** ** *** **** ***** *** ** **** IPV4 ********* ** ****** *** *** *****. ** **** ********* our ***** *** **** ** *** **** *** *******. ***, with **** ***** ****, ******** *** ******** *** ******** ** orginizations *** ***** ***** ***** **** ******* *** **** **** no ********** ** ******** ** **** ** ****. **** *** change, ***** ** *** *** ********** ********** **** ***** **** to ****** ** **** ** ****** *** *** ****** **** a **** *******. ** * ********** ***** *** ************ ** that **** *** *****. ** ***** **** ** **** *****, cause ** **** ********, *** ***** **** **** ******* ** the *******. ** *** ******** * ** *** *** **** disapearing. ******* ****** *** **** ****** ** *********** *** ** is ******** ** **** *** **** ********* / ***** / end ***** ********.

Jim Daly

03/20/15 02:38am

**** ***** *** ****** ********?

********* *** ****** *** ********* *** ******. **** *** ***** settings ***** *** ****** ** ** ********* ***** ****?

John Honovich

IPVM | In reply to Jim Daly | 03/20/15 06:17am

*********, ** ******* *** *** ******** ****** ***** ******* ** tends *** ** ** ********* *** ***** *** ****.

*** *******, ***'* *** *** *** ** ** ****** *** its ** ******* *** ***.***.***.***. *** ***** ************* ****** ** the ****** **** *********-*****-*****.*******.*** **** ****** ** ***** ***** ******* using **** ****** **** ******* ** *** ** *******.

****** ***** *** **** ******** ****:

(*) ****** *** ****** ** ******* ** *******. ** *** want ** ** ** ****.***, **'* * *** ****** ** remember **** *******.**.**.**(***** ** *** ******* **).

(*) *** ** ******* ***** ******. ** ****** ********** ****** needs ** ****** ****** *** ******* (*.*., ** ***** ****** to **** ****.*** ** ******* ********). ****** ****** *** *** ipvm.com ****** **** ****** **** *** ** ***** ** **** know ** ** *** ****** ** *********.

**** ****, *** ***** ****** ****** ***** *** ** ******* and **** **, *** **'* ********.

Jim Daly

In reply to John Honovich | 03/20/15 06:51am

** ****,

* **** **** ***** **-** *** **** ** *** ************ that ** *** **** * ***** ** *** * ***** this *********** ** *** **** **** ** *** ******* ******** in *** ***.

*** **** ** *** ******* ******** ***** ***/** ***** * set *** ****** ** *** ******* ******* *** ******** *** Preferred *** ** *.*.*.* (*******) *** ******** *** *.*.*.* (*******).

* **** ****** ***** *** * **** ******* ** **** systems **** *** ******** *** ********* *** *** *** ***** too **** ***** ** ** **** ** * *** ***** to *** ****** ****** ******* **-**.

*******,

***

Steve Mitchell

In reply to Jim Daly | 03/20/15 09:43am

***,

*** *.*.*.*/*.*.*.* *** ******* *** *** ** ****** *** *** highly ********* (*** ****) ****** *** *****. ****'** ********* ****** going ** **** **** *** ***, ****** *** ********* ******* policy ******** **** *** ***** *** ******* ** ****.

** ***** ***** ***'** ****** * ******* *** *************--***** *** coming **** *** ***** *******'* ******, *** ****** ** ****** as *** ***** ******* ** ******* *** ****** "****'* *** best *** ****** *** *** ** ***." * ** ********* see ***** ***** *** ***** ****** ***** *** * ***** (or ****/******) *** ******. ** ***** **** (** ** **** case ** ***'** ****** ******** ******* ** **-**), ***'* **** to ******** *** *******--*** *.*.*.*/*.*.*.* ** ** **** ** *********** as ***.

Steve Mitchell

In reply to Jim Daly | 03/20/15 01:38pm

***, * ********* **** ******** ** "**** ** * ** about ******* * *** ****** ** ** ** ****** *************, should * ** ********* ***** **?"

***** ******, ******** ***.

* ****** **** ****** (***) ******* ****** *** ****** ** look ** * ****** **** *** ********* **** **** ** internet *********** ** ******. ** *** **** ** ************ *********, this ***** **** ** ******** ** *** ************ ********* *** some ****** ** ******** ******* **** ******** *******. *** ** cameras, **** ********* **** ******* *** ***** ******* (*.*, ***** VMS ******). ************ ** ******* **** ** *** ** ****** to *** **** ** *** ***** ******, ********* ******* *** a *** ** ******* ** **** *** **** ***** ** communicate **** ***** ***. **** **** ** *** ******** ******* to *** **** ** *** ******, *** **** ****** ***** to ******** ** *** ********.

** ***** *** **** ******** ** *** ** ****** ******** that ******* ************* **** ******** ******** ** *** ********, **** DNS ***** **** **** ****. ** ****'* *** ****, *** local *******'* ****** ********* ******** * ******* *** ****** (***** the ****** ******) ** **** ***** ************* *** * ****** DNS ****** (***** *** ***** *******'* ******** ******* *** ******) for *** ****** ** ***. **** ***** ** ******** ** part ** *** ******* **** ****** **** *** *******, *** in **** ***** ******** **** ***** *** ******'* ** *** been ********* ** ******.

** ***'** ********* **** *** *** ****** ******** ** **** NVR/VMS ******, **** ******* *** **** *** ** ********* **** frequently **** ** ** ** ******, *** *** **** ************* issues ** ***** *****.

** *** **** ****** **, ***'** ******** **** **** ***** whatever *** ******* *** ** ******** ** *** ***** *******.

**** **** **** ******** ****** ********* ******** **** ***** *** from ***** ******** *** *******. ** ***** ***** **** *** server ** ***** ** ******** ** *** *** ******, ** the *******'* ************** ***** ******* ***********.

Jim Daly

03/20/15 02:00pm

****** ****,

*******,

***

Luke Quinlan

IPVMU Certified | 02/12/16 06:05am

*** * ****** **** **** *** *** **** **** **** one *** *******, *** ********** *** * ****** **** **** one *** **** **** **** *** ***?
** **** ****** **** ***** *** **** * ***? **** we ***** ** * ******* ********* ** **** *** *********** the **** ** * ******* ********* ****?

Undisclosed #1

In reply to Luke Quinlan | 02/12/16 06:45am

********* ********, **'* *** *** *** *** *** *** *** per ***.

***** *** **** ******** ******** **** *** ***** ** ******, but ********* ****'** ********** *** **** **** ****** **'* *** card.

** *** *****, ** *** ** ****** ********* **, ******** NICs *** **** ** **** ******* *** **** ******** *** controller ** *** ***********. *** ** ***** **** ** * NIC. ;)

****** * **** **** ******** ****** ***** *** ****** ****. For ******** ** * ****** ***** ********, ** ***** ***** **** ** **'* ******* ******** *** for * ****** ** *** ****** ********* ** *** ***** MAC.

Luke Quinlan

IPVMU Certified | 02/14/16 07:22am

** *** ******* ******* ******* ** ****** -

  • ***** *: **** **** ******** **** *** ** ********* *** network, *** ****** * ******* *******. (**** ***.*.*.* ** ***.***.***.***)

*** **** *** ******* **** ** ***.***.***.*** *** *** ***.***.***.*** for *** ***** ** **'* **** ** **** *****. ** it ******* ***.*.*.* ** *** ***** ** ***** *?

HUY LAI

IPVMU Certified | 03/04/16 06:43am

**** ****** **** ** *****'* * **** ** ****** *** IP ********* ** *** ******* ****** ** * ******* *** indicate ** ***** ** ** ** ******** ******* * *******? It ***** ** **** ******** ***** *'** **** **** ******** where ***** **** ** ********* ******* * ****** *** * keypad *** **** ****** **** ******* ** ** **/*** ****. It *** ** **** **** ** ***** *** *****.

Undisclosed Integrator #2

In reply to HUY LAI | 01/18/17 10:50pm

***** *** ******** ***** ******* ** ******* * ******* ** see ****** ** *********. ******* **** ** ***** ***** **** show *** ** ** ** ******* ** ** ********. ** will **** **** *** ***** ** ********* *** ***** **** during *** **** ** *** ****.

****://*******.***/********/#*******

****://***.********.***/*******

*****://****.***/

Undisclosed #1

03/04/16 07:20am

**** ****** **** ** *****'* * **** ** ****** *** IP ********* ** *** ******* ****** ** * ******* *** indicate ** ***** ** ** ** ******** ******* * *******?

****, ******** ** * ****** *** **** ** *****. ***** are *********** *****.

HUY LAI

IPVMU Certified | In reply to Undisclosed #1 | 03/04/16 07:48am

****** *** *** ***** ***** *** ******!

Bryan Boone

IPVMU Certified | 07/19/16 01:57pm

**** *********** **** *** ***********. * ***'* ********* **** **** the ******* ** *********** **** ** ******, *** **** **** information ** ****.

Guy Esswein

IPVMU Certified | 07/24/16 05:31pm

**** ** ********** ******* *** ** *******, *** *** ****** address? ** **** ******* ** *** ** ** * **** need * **** ***** *************.

***** ***

Thumbnail scanlanprofile

John Scanlan

IPVM | IPVMU Certified | In reply to Guy Esswein | 07/25/16 02:18pm

*** ** ******* ** * ****** ****** ******** ** *** device. *** ****** **** ******* **** ***** ** **** ** address *** ********** **** *** ******* *** ***** *** *** host.

Troy Hone

IPVMU Certified | 01/19/17 03:05pm

* ** ******** :-)

Undisclosed #3

02/15/17 07:10pm

***** ***** ** *** **** ******* ** *******. *** * rd *** * ** ****** ******* ** **** ****** ** stead ** ****...

Undisclosed End User #4

05/05/17 03:03pm

**** *********. * *** ** ******* **** ********* ****** ***** to ***** * ** ********* ******** **** ***.***.*.**. ** ***** any ****** ***?

Undisclosed Manufacturer #5

In reply to Undisclosed End User #4 | 05/05/17 02:15pm

*** ***** ** ***.***.*.* – ***.***.***.*** ** * ******* ***** C ******* ***** **** ** *** ******** ** *** ********. Thus, ** ****** ******* ** ** ******* **** ** ** and *** ******** **** ***** ******* ** *** ********. ******* you **** *** * ******* ** ******* ** **** **** for ******* **** *** *******.

****** *** **.*.*.* – **.***.***.*** & ***.**.*.* – ***.**.***.***.

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