PPF Test - Getting High Quality Surveillance Video
********* ******* ****** **** *** **** higher ******* ************ ***** *** *** much **** *** ** **** **********? In **** ******, ** ****** ***** questions ** ***** ***** ** ********* testing.
*** **** ********** ********* ****** ******* a ****** ********* ****** ** ****** 95 **** *******. **** **** **** you ***** **************** ** **** *******? ** *** **, ** ** 25 ** ** ** *, ***.?
A '***** ******'
*** ********* ******* *** *** ********** a '***** ******' ** ** ****** per ****. **** ***** **** ** your ***** ** **** ******** ** pixels *** **** (*.*., * **** x **** ****** ******** * ** foot **** ***), **** *** *** see ****** ******* *** ******* ****** clearly.
**** ******* ******* ***** ****** ** saying ** ** * '*******' *** then **** ** ***** *** ******* disclosure ** ***********. **** ** ** helpful ** *** ********** ****** ** your ***** *** ******* *** *** a ******* ** $*,*** ** *****.
Our ****
**** * * **** ******, ** went *** *** ****** ***** *********** using * ******* ** *******, *********** and ***** ** *****. *** ***** below ********* *** ** ********** *** tests:
Our ********
*** ********* ****** *** *** *** findings / ***************:
- **'ideal' ******** ********** - even daytime lighting, no shadows, no glare - you need closer to 50 pixels per foot to see facial features clearly and read US license plates.
- ** **** ******** *********** ******** ********** - ********shadow ** ***** - you need ~20% more pixels to 'overcome' decrease in contrast.
- ***** ****** *** ************ ****** **** some ****** ** ****** ** ***** throughout *** ***, ** *** **** to ****** **** ****** ******** *** clearly ****, *** ******target ** ****** *** ****.
- *******, **** **** * ** ** lux ** ******** (**** ****** ******), quality **** **** *************. ** ** show ** *** *******, ***** **** be ********* *** *** ******* ***** level **** ************* ****** *** ***** where ********** ******* *** ** ****. Atnight, *** ***** **** *** ****** *** **** (or more).
- *****quality ********* ******** as the FoV width expands. There's no single point where quality goes from good to bad. Details gradually appear or disappear as the FoV width changes.
- ** *****numerous ****** ** ******* ******* *** ************ ***. While traditionally, surveillance applications had 3 quality levels (often called personal, action, scene), we found at least double that number. As quality degrades, some details still remain. Those details can still provide benefits depending on the application.
- **** ******* ***** **good ****** ** ******** **********. Because quality gradually degrades, some users may find different levels of quality to be sufficient. For example, two people may view video from the same camera and one will judge 45 pixels per foot to be sufficient while another may prefer 55 pixels per foot.
- Vertical ******** ******* varies dramatically with the focal length / horizontal angle of the lens. With a wide angle lens, it is nearly impossible to get facial features at more than a few feet distance from the camera (even with megapixel). With a telephoto lens, facial features can be captured at fairly far distances. The tradeoff of course is the width of FoV covered.
- ****** ****HD ** *** ******** ******** *** ***** ****. In FoVs narrower than 20-40' wide, it is unlikely that significant material difference can be visually observed. At wider FoVs, modest increases in ability to detect meaningful details was shown.
How ** ******* ***********
****** **** *** ***** ***** ** understand *** ** *** *** ****** videos ******** *** *** ** ********* these ***********.
Download ****** ****** *** ********** ******
*** **** ******, ** *** ******* a ****** ** *** ******** ****** videos *** ****** ** *******.
** ********* *** ***** **** ****** on *** ********** ****** ** ***** slides ******* * ******** ** ****** from * ******* ** *** ****** and ***********.
- *** ********** ***** ****** *
- *** ********** ***** ****** *
- *** ********** ***** ****** *
- *** ********** ***** ****** *
- ** ********** ***** ****** *
- *****-****:*** ********** ***** ****** *
************, **** *** * *** ** the ******** ***** ***** ** **** you *** ***** *** '***' ***** to *** *** ** ********* *** tests:
Lighting ******** ******
** *** ********* ** *** ******, we ******* ********* *** ****** **** 'ideal' **** **** ******* **********. ** the ********** *****, ** ********* * major ****** ******** ********* **** ****** significant ******:
- ****** *******/***** *** ******** *** ****** of ****** ****** *** *** **** level ** ******* ************** **** ****** the ****** ** *** ***.
- ******* ****** **** ***** ****** ** artificial ****** ******** **** ***** ************* reduce **********, ********* ************ ****** ****** per **** ** ******** ****** ** the **** ***** ** ***.
- ********* ** ******** ** ***** *** create ******* *** ***** ** *** that ********* ********** **** ******* ****** to ** ********* ******** **** ** resolution.
Pixels ****** / ******* ********
*** ***** ******** **********, ** **** segmented * *********** ******* ****** **** the **** ****** ** ********. ***** are *** ********** (******* ****** ******* of ***** ********* ******* *******, ******, etc.)
- ********* ** ****** ******: < * pixels *** ****
- ***** ***** ** ****** (***, ******): 5 - ** ****** *** ****
- ****** *********** ***** ** ****** (****, accessories, ***.): ** - ** ****** per ****
- ****** **** (***** ******** ** *** already **** *** ******): ** - 50 ****** *** ****
- ***** **** (***** ******** * ********): 50 - ** ****** *** ****
- **** ** ******* (**** ***** ******* of **** *** ****): **+ ****** per ****)
** *** ********** *****, ** ******* how ** ********* **** *** *** observations ** ******* ***********:
Differences ** *** ***** *** ******* ***********
********* ********** *** ******** *** ***** of *** **** * ****** *** cover. ** *** ***** *****, ** approximate ****** **** * **, *** and *** ****** *** *******. * few *** ****** ** ****:
- *** ** *****, ****** ***** ******** conditions. ** *** *******, ***** ******** and ***** ****** ********, *** ********** of **** ********** *********.
- ** ******** **** (**** **-** ****), you *** ******** ** **** *** meaningful ********** ******* * *** *** 5MP ******.
- *** *** **** ** **** ** to ***, * **** ******* **** occurs **** *** ** *** (** be ******** ***** *** ******** ******** in ******). ****** **** *** ** 5MP ***** **** ***** ** ** - *** **** ****.
- ** * ***' *****, ** ** camera **** ******** '*****' ** ***** but * *** ****** *** ******* details ** *** ***, ******, **** and ******** ** * *******.
** *** ********** *****, ** ******* how ** ******* ** **** ***** and **** *** *********** ** **** analysis:
Variances ** ****** ****** *** ******* / ****** ******
******* / ****** ****** **** *********** variation. **** *** **** ** *** plates *** *** ********** ****** ** the ***** *** ***** ******. **** is ********** ********* *** ** ****** and *** ******* ****** **** ***** background ****** **** ***** ******** ** the *****.
** *** ********** *****, ** ******* our ******** *** *** ** ****** for ******* ******.
Variances ** ******** ** ****** **** ********** **** *******
** *** ***** ** ***, ** have ********* ************ ** *** *** width. ** ******, *** **** *** widths *** ** ******** **** ******* lens ******* **** *** ********* ****** the ******** ******** ****.
**** ********* ********* ******** *** *** of **** ***** ** ***** **** angle ****** ** **** *** *** cover *** ******* *****. *** ******** is **** ***** '*******' ***** ************* the ***** *** ***** ********. *** most ********* ****** ** *** ******* to ****** ****** *******. **** * wide ***** ****, * ****** **** than ** **** **** *** ****** is ****** ******** ** **** ***** facial ******* ********. ** * ********* example ** **** *********** ********, **** our **** ******* *********'* **** ***** ** ****.
** * *********, ***** ** *** Pixels *** **** *** *** ****** using ******* **** *******. ****** **** the **** ********* *** ****, *** more ******* *** **** *** ** pixel *******. [**** *** * */*' imager, * ** ****** *** ** achieved **** * *.* ** ****, a ** ****** *** **** * 9 ** **** *** * ** degree *** **** * **** ****.]
** ** *********** ****, *** *** table ***** ***** ********** **** ************.
Summary ********
********* *** ************>, *** ********* ****** are *** *** ******** / ***************:
- **'ideal' ******** ********** - even daytime lighting, no shadows, no glare - you need closer to 50 pixels per foot to see facial features clearly and read US license plates.
- ** **** ******** *********** ******** ********** - ********shadow ** ***** - you need ~20% more pixels to 'overcome' decrease in contrast.
- ***** ****** *** ************ ****** **** some ****** ** ****** ** ***** throughout *** ***, ** *** **** to ****** **** ****** ******** *** clearly ****, *** ******target ** ****** *** ****.
- *******, **** **** * ** ** lux ** ******** (**** ****** ******), quality **** **** *************. ** ** show ** *** *******, ***** **** be ********* *** *** ******* ***** level **** ************* ****** *** ***** where ********** ******* *** ** ****. Atnight, *** ***** **** *** ****** *** **** (or more).
- *****quality ********* ******** as the FoV width expands. There's no single point where quality goes from good to bad. Details gradually appear or disappear as the FoV width changes.
- ** *****numerous ****** ** ******* ******* *** ************ ***. While traditionally, surveillance applications had 3 quality levels (often called personal, action, scene), we found at least double that number. As quality degrades, some details still remain. Those details can still provide benefits depending on the application.
- **** ******* ***** **good ****** ** ******** **********. Because quality gradually degrades, some users may find different levels of quality to be sufficient. For example, two people may view video from the same camera and one will judge 45 pixels per foot to be sufficient while another may prefer 55 pixels per foot.
- Vertical ******** ******* varies dramatically with the focal length / horizontal angle of the lens. With a wide angle lens, it is nearly impossible to get facial features at more than a few feet distance from the camera (even with megapixel). With a telephoto lens, facial features can be captured at fairly far distances. The tradeoff of course is the width of FoV covered.
- ****** ****HD ** *** ******** ******** *** ***** ****. In FoVs narrower than 20-40' wide, it is unlikely that significant material difference can be visually observed. At wider FoVs, modest increases in ability to detect meaningful details was shown.
*********?
*** ****** ******** * **** ******* of ******, *** ** *** ***** we **** ********** ** ** *** report. ** *** **** ************* ** expansion ** ******* ******, ****** ***.