VMS/VSaaS Recording Guide

****** ** *****:

• ********* ********** *********
• ******** ********* ** ********* Storage
• ******** ********* *******
• ******* *******
• * ******* *** *******
• ***** ** *********
• **** *******
• ********* *********
• *** ******** ******** ********
• ******* ********
• ********* ****/***********
• ******* ********
• *********** ******** ********
• ***** **** ******
• ***** ****** ******
• ********* **********
• ********* ******* ********
• **** / **********
• *********
• ********* ********* ********

**** ** **** * of *** *** *** / ***** ****** ******** in *** ****.

********

***** ********* ** * ubiquitous *** ******** ****** of ***/***** ******* **** systems *** *** ********* live, *** **** ***** that ***, ********* **** more ******* **** ****** could ******* *** ****** reliably.

************, ******** ***** ** used ** ******** ***** an ******** *******, ** identify ********, ****** **********, or ***** **** ******.

Managing ********* ** ********* *******

***** ***** ** **** commonly ******* *** ******** in *** **** ******** device, ******** ********** *** storing ***** *** * fundamentally ********* *********.

******* *****, ** ********, is ** ********* **** saving ***** ** * file ****** ** * computer. *******, ******** ***** surveillance ********* ******** * process ** ***** ***** files ** * ******* location *** * *** length ** ****, ***** is ******** ** * properly *********** ******.

***** * ****** ******** device, ** ***, *** recording *** ******* ** simple *** ********** ****** of *******. *******, **** simplicity ***** **** ***********, and ********** *** * can ******* *********** *** flexibility.

Video ********* *********

***** ********* ** *** process ** ******* ***** and *********** ** **** a ******** ** ********* of **** ***** **** that ** ******. ***** can ** ******** ****** 4 *********** ******* ** video ************; ***, ***, Camera, *** *****.

******

********* ** * ****** can ********* *** **** for * ******** ******** but ** **** ************ systems **** **** **** 1 ******, ****** ** record **** ****** ************ is **** ******* **** NVR/VMS/Cloud ****-**-*** ************.

***** **** ** ******* support ******** ******* (*.*. microSD, ***, *****), **** also ******* ******** **** share ******* *** ********* capacity. *******, ***** ******** storage ****** **** *** byte **** ***/*** *********. Because ** *** **** and **********, ******-***** ********* is *** ******.

***

******* **** *** ** all-in-one ******** *** ******** appliance, **** ***** *** lowest **** *** **** video ************ ************. ******** cameras *** ******** ** a ****** ***, *** video ** **** ***** stored ** ******** *******.

**** ****** ******* ********* redundancy, *** ******* ********* is ***** ******* ** the ****** ** **** drives **** *** ** installed ** *** ***. Moreover, **** *** * single ***** ** *******, which ***** ****** ** multiple ****** ********** **** because ** * ****** broken/damaged/stolen ***.

***

******* ***** ***, ** common **********, ******** ************, they *** ********* ** installed ** **********-***-***-***** *********. This ****** ******** *********** to ***** **** *** system, ***** ** ********* hardware ********** ** *************, which ** *** ******** with ****. *******, **** flexibility **** ******** *********** knowledge ** ****** *** specific ****** ************ *** is ************* **** ********* than ****.

**** ***** *** *******, meaning **** *** ** configured ****** ** ** all-in-one ****** (************* *** same ** ** ***) or **** ******** ****** management ******* *** *** recorder *******. *******, **** VMSes **** ******* ****** license *********** *** ******, which *** ***** *********, similar ** ****.

************, ***** ***** **** commonly ****** ** ******** storage, ******* *** *******-***** extended ******* ** ****** offered.

*****

***** ***** ********* ** the **** ******** *** flexible ******, ** ***** consistent ******** ************ ** the **-******* *******. ***** supports *** ****** ** unlimited ****** *********, **** some ***** ********** ******* video ** *** ***** and/or **-******* *******.

***** ***** ********* ** effectively *** ******* ** NVR *********, ******** *********, flexibility, *** **********, ***** are ********* *********** ** the ****** ** ******* that *** ** ******** at * ********, ***** on *** ******** ****** bandwidth.

***** ***** ********* ** redundant ** ********, ** typically ******** ** ********* recurring ************ ***** *******, NVRs, *** **** ***** do ***. *******, ***** cloud ********* ********** ** decreases *** **** *** on-premise ********, ***** **** cameras.

Physical ********* *******

*** **** ****** ******** recording ******* *** **** Disk ****** (***), ********* Memory *****, *** ***** State ****** (****):

**** **** ******

**** **** ******, ** Hard ******/***, *** *** most ****** **** *** lowest **** ******** ********* medium ** ***** ************. However, ***** **** ******* that *** ***** ** stream **** ******* ** a ****** ***** *** HDD ** *********, ** using **** ****** ** cameras ** ***********, *** virtually ***** ****.

**** **** ** ************ ranges **** *** ******, *** **** ********** show ***** ** *** ****** for ***** *************** **** ******** ****.

*** ******* ****** ***** is $**/** *** ************-***** drives **** *** ** to **** ***** ** ~10% ****** **** ********-***** HDDs. *******, ** **** cases, ********** **** ****** drives **** ******* *********** ratings *** ****** **********.

***** **** ***-**** **** use ******** ********-***** ****, specialized ************ **** ****** are ******** *** ********** writing ** *****, ***** is *** * ****** concern ******* ** ***** surveillance.

********* ****** *****

********* ****** ***** (*.*. SD, *******, ******* *****) are ********* **** ** store ***** ** ** cameras *** ** *** require * ****/********* ** disassemble *** ****** ** install ** *******. ***** can ** **** **** for ******* ******* ***/** redundancy, ********* ** *** camera ***** *** ******* is **** *** *** recorder ****** ** *******.

********* ***** *** ~*** more ********* *** **** than ************-***** **** ******, and ******* ** ***/***** is *******. ******* ** these *******, ********* ** removable ***** ** *** common, ** ** ** generally ******* *** ****** to ******* ** * recorder **** ****** *** video. ************, ** * camera ** ******* ** stolen, *** **** ** recorded ***** ** ******.

** *** ***** ****, removable **** ********* ** widely ******* ** ** surveillance ******* *** ********* on ******* ** * growing ***** ******** ** a ****** ** ***** emphasizing *** *********** ** NVRs.

***** ***** ******

***** ***** ****** (****) are *** ******** **** for ***** ************ ********* in **** ** ***** but *** ********** ** network ******* ******* (*** and ***). **** ******* less ***** *** **** no ****** *****, ****** HDDs. *******, ****-***-**** ** ~10x ****** **** ************-***** HDD, *** ************ ********* sizes *** ********* ******* to *** ** ****.

**** *** ****** ************* have ******* ** *** SSDs, **** ******* *** a *** ****** ****. Moreover,*** ** ***** ******** for ***** *************** *********, ***** *** much *******, *** ***********.

***** ***** *** ********* concerns ** ***** ************ due ** ********** ******* cycles, ****** *** ********** is **** ** ********** environments **** ******* *********** and ********** ** *********** HDDs.

Network ******* *********

*******-***** ******* ******* *** used ** ****** ******* capacity (**** **** ******) to ** *** ** VMS, *** ********* ** not ******** ****** *** recording. **** ********* ******* a ****** ** ******* more *******, ***** ****** recording *****, ** ******** the **********/******* ** *** current *******.

***** *** * ****** options ** ***** ************ for ****** ******* *******; NAS *** ***.

*** ******* ** * low-cost ****** ** *******-******** storage *** *****-***** *******. Storage ***** *** ********** are **** ****** **** Recorder ** ***-***** *******. NAS ******* *** ****** to *** **, *** they ********* *** ******* File ****** (***) *********, transferring ***** ** * file-by-file *******. **** ***** they ****** ** * recorder's ********* **** * standard **** *****, *** are ****** **** *** or ******** ******.

******* ***** ** * SAN ****** *****-***** *********, supports ******** ****** *************, and ********* **** **********. A *** ** ***** connected **** ***** *******, commonly **** **** ********* to ****** ****** *****-***** data *** ******* ******* or ******* ** ***** than * ***.

****** ********* ******** *** storage **** ********* ************* increase ***** **** ******** to ****** **** ******* in *** ******* ********. Moreover, **** ********* ******* manufacturer-specific ******** *** ******-***** technicians ** ********* ** configure *** *******.

2 ******* *** *********

***** *** * ****** methods *** ********* ** video ************; ****** ** Place *** ****** *** Record.

**** ******* *** ****** in *****, *******, ***** are * ********** ** video ********* **** *** be ********* ****** *** Record. ******* ********* *** use **** ********, **** hard ******, **** ******** or ******* ****** ***** may **** * - 10 ******* ** ****** before *******, ***** *** be *** **** ** high-security ************. ********, ** VSaaS ********* *** *** Internet/Cloud *** *********, ****** periods ** **** ***** bandwidth ***, * ******'* Internet ********** *** *** have *** ****** ************ needed.

****** *** ****** ******

** ******* ***** ******, Buffer *** ****** ******* use * ******* *********; a ********* ****** *** a ******* ********* ******. This ****** ** **** common *** **** ** one ** *** ******* VMSes, *********. ********, ** is ******* ** ***** architecture ** ******** ****** related ** ******** ****** bottlenecks.

****** *** ****** ******* initially ***** *** ***** in * *********, ***** capacity *****, ********* ********** less **** * ****' videos. ***** ** **** moved ** * *********, primary ******* ******** ***** it ******* *** * specified ********.

*** *******, **** ** used ** *****-****** *****, temporarily ********* ***** **-******* in * ****** ** gateway, *** **** ****** up ** ***** *******:

**** ***** ****-***** (***+ RPM) **** *** *** temporary ****** ********, ****** and ****** ***** ***** moderate *********** ********** ******** to * ****** ***** (7.2k ***) *** **** in ****** ** *****, but **** ** ********* video ***** ** ** still ** *** ****** speed ******. ** ****, this ***** ********* ** useful ** **** ********* environments ***** ******* ****** or ***** ******/************* ** recording *** ******.

****** ** ***** ******

****** ** ***** ** the **** ****** *** simple ** *** ******* and ** **** ** NVRS, **** *****, *** some *******. ** *** name *********, ****** ** Place ******* ***** ***** once *** ** ******* in ***** *** * specified ********.

**** ****** ******** ***** hard ******, * ****** recording ********, *** ***** recorder ******** ************ ******* the ******** **** *** have ** ******** ***** while ******* *** *****.

Types ** *********

***** ** ******** ***** 3 *********** **********; **********, on-motion/event, *** ***** ** event/motion.

********** *********

********** ********* ***** *** video ** ****** ***** recorded, **** **** ***** is ** ******** ** camera. **** ** **** common ** ****-******** ********, corrections, *** ********* ***** money/transactions **** ***** (*.*. banking, *******, ***********).

** ******* **** ********** that ******* ** ********, but *** ******* ************* more ******* ******** **** event/motion *********. **** **** increase *** **** ** hard ****** *** *** also ******* ********** *******.

****** / ***** *********

****** ** ***** ********* means *** ***** ** only ******** **** *** camera ******* ******/******** ****** detection) ** ** ********* by ** ***** (*.*. input *******, ****** *******).

**** *** ******* ************* lower ******* ******** **** continuous *********, *******, **** the **** ** ******* a ******** ******** ** it ** *** ********.

************, ** ************ **** constant ******, *** ******* savings ** ***** ****** recording **** ** *********.

***** *********

***** ********* ** * combination ** ********** *** motion *********. *** ***** rate ***/** ********** ***** is ******** ************, *** when ***** ** ****** detected, *** ****** ******* an ********* ***** **** and/or ********** *****. ***** boost ********* ******* **** events *** *** ******, even ** **** ******** at *** *******.

***** ** *** **** availability ** *.***/*.*** ******** ******, **** *** **** to ******** ******* ************ when ***** ***** ** Motion ****. *******, *.***/*.*** and ***** ****** *********** decrease *** ******* ************ in *** **** ******, with ************* **** **********.

File *******

***** ** ********* ****** using * *********** *******; Open **** ******* (*.*. ".mpg") ** *** **** Formats.

*** **** ******* *** more ****** ** ****-*** VMSes, ***** **** **** Formats *** ********* **** in ***-**** ****, *****, and ******-***** *********.

*** **** ******* *** a ******* **** ******** a ******** ****** ***** (e.g. *.***) *** ********, which ******** **********, ******** boxes, ****** *******, *********, etc. ** ****, *** File ******* ******* *********** software ** ******/****.

**** **** ******* ******* video, ** ********, *** do *** ******* ******* software ** ****. **** File ******* ********* ** not ***** ********** ** watermarking, ********* **** ** high ********/***** ********** ************.

Recording *********

**** * ***** ** recorded, *** **** ** typically ******* ***** * recording ********, ***** ****** viewing ******** ** *** correct ******* *********.

********* ******* * ******** is ************* ******* **** a ******** **** *********, which ** ******** *** investigations. ************, ***** ******** (e.g. ******, ****** **************, etc) ** ***** ****** in *** **** ********, which ** **** *** advanced ***** ********* (*.*. people, *******, **** ** interest, ***).

***** ******** ************ ***,******, **************** ********** ********, ***** offer **** ***/** ****-****** versions. *** ******** ******** is ********* ***-******** **** the **** *** ************ application *** *** ******* installation ***** ** ********** the ******** ********.

VMS ******** ******** ********

********** *** ***** ***** PC/server *** * *** Recorder ** ********** *********. A *** ******** **** is ************ **** **** video ****** ****** ********* and ******** ** ****** video ** ******* ****** to ****** **********. * VMS ******** **** ** overpowered *** ** ************* expensive *** ** ***********.

*** ******** *********** ** most ********* ** *** and ***, ******** ********* how **** ******* *** be ********* *** ******* and *********.

***** ************ **** ********* on *** ******** *** used, *** *** ********* is * ********* ** 2021 ****** ************ **************:

• ***** *******, ~*-** *******: Dual-core **********, **** ** Intel **** **, *** RAM
• ***-**** *******, ~**-** *******: Quad-core *********, **** ** Core ** ** **, 8GB ***
• ***** *******, ~**+ *******: 6-core ********** **** ** Xeon *** ********** ******** Processors ** **** **, 16 ** ***

**** ********* *** *** configuration ******* *** ** restricted ** **** ******* in ***-***** *******. *** instance, **** ** ********** are ********* **** ***** in ******* ***, ***** Xeons *** ** ***** in ****-*** ************ *** servers.

**** *** ******** *** certified **** * ******** 'box' ******** * ******* number ** ******* (*.*., 4, *, **, ***.). Of ******, **** ********** comes **** ******* *********** for *********. ***** ********* is *********** ********* ** definition, *** ****** ********* is *-**-*.

Storage ********

******* **** ********* **** minimum ******** **** ** recording, *** ****** ******* allowed ****, ****** ************* of *** **** ** record ***** ** * necessity.

*******, ******* *** **** DVR / *** ********** only ******* * ******* number ** **** ****** internally (* *** * being ****** *** ******* systems). **** *** ********* storage ********, ********** ***** the *** **** ** those ********** *** *** extra **** ** ********* beyond ****.

**-**** ** ******* ** most ******** ******* ** 2021, *** ** *** decreased **** ** ******* over *** **** ** years *** *** ********* efficiency ** ******* ******* with***** ******.

** **** ************ ** countries, ***** *** *********** and ************ *** *** maximum ****** ** **** recorded, ** * ******* number ** **** *** to *********** (*.*. **** safety, ****** ****, ***********).

Retention ****/***********

******** ************ ***** ********* is ***** *********** ** storage *****, ******* **** or *********** ********* ******* a ******* ** ******* period ***** **** ** kept ***. *******, ***** are ** ****** ** regional *********, ** ******** is ******** ** *********, states, *** ***** *************.

** *** ****** ******, retention **** *** **** fragmented, **** *******/******* ******* of ********* ******* ************* (i.e. * **** ** 90 ****) ********* ** location *** ********.

** ******, ************ *** equally *****, ******* **** has ** ******** *******/******* retention ****** *** *** EU ******* *** **** the **** ** ***** is ** **** ******** data (*.*. ***** **********) for "** **** ** *********, as ***** ** ********." * * **** retention ****** ** ********* cited ** ******** ******* for * ********** ********* period, ******** ***** *** technically ** **** *********** a ****** ******.

*** ****** ** ***** mandates *** ******* ********* periods ** ***********. *** example, ******* ********* **** thousands ** *******, *** longer ********* ******* ***** result ** * *********** increase ** ******* ******* and *********** *****.

Storage ********

*********** *** ****** ** storage ******** ** * key **** ** ********* a ************ ******. ***** so *** ** ********* as *** ***** *** vary ****** ******* *** most ******** **************.

*** ****** ** ****** supported ****** **** ********* just * ** * camera ** ********* * few ** * ******** to * ***** ** dozens ** ****** *******.

** ************ *******, ****** are ********* ******* ** Terabyte (**) *****. ***** systems *** ******* ** little ** ***, ***** large ******* *** ***** into ******** ** *** to ********* ** ** (1024 ** ** * Petabyte) ** ******** ********* (PB).

Calculating ******** ********

**** ************ ************* ******* system ******* (*** ******* throughput) *********** ***** ** help ********* *** ***** amount ** ******* ******** required. *******, **** ** these ***** ************ *** amount ** *******, ********** the ****** ** **** drives *** ******* ********, which *** ************* ******** system *****.

*********** *** ******* ******** is * ***** ******** using *** ********* ********* per ******, **** *** period ** **** ******. Additionally, *** ******* **** are ***** ******/*****-***** *********, a ******** ** **** to ******* *** *** much ******** ** ******** on **** ******.

******* ******* ********* ** generally ******** ** **** per ******, ***** ******* is ******** ** *****, a ******** ** * is ******** ** **** the **********.

*** *******, * ****** recorded ************ **** ***** (1,000,000bps), ******** *** ** days, ******** *.**^** *****, or *** ********* (**) of *******.

*** *** **** ******, but ******** ** ******, with * ***** ** motion ********* (**% ** 0.33 ****** ******), **** one-third ** *** ******* or ~***** ** ********.

***** ************ ****** ************ complex ** ********* ******* often **** ****** ********* bandwidths *** ****** ***********, even ** **** *** the **** *****, *** looking ** ********* ****** of ****.

Frame *****

******** ***** ***** **** has * ****** ****** relationship ** *** ****** of ******* **** ** required. *** *******, ******** the ****** ** ****** being ********* ** **** will ****** ** **** the ******* ***** ****.

** **** ********** ****** in ****** **** ****** **** the ******* ***** **** is ~** *** **** 70% ** *********** ***** between **-** ***. **** none ***** ***** **** 5 *** *** **% using **** **** **.

******* ** *** ********* drop ** *** ***** ** ******* *** over * ******, *** decreased ********* ************ *** to ***** ******, ************ storage ************ ** ********* lower ***** ***** ** not *********.

Impact ** ***** ******

***** ****** ****** ****** bandwidth, *** ** ********* recording ******* ************. ************, because ***** ****** **** within *** ******** ********* of *.***/*.***, ********** ******* is ********* *** ******** to *** **** ***** and ****.

*** ********* ****** **** drastic ** *****, ********* on *** **** *** size ** ****** ** the ****** ***** ** view. ******* ***** ****** may **** ****** ********** effect ** **** ****** periods, ******* ************ **** be ********** *** *****-**** bitrates,*** *******, ** **** ********** not ********** *******.

********* *** ********* ***** ******** **** ******* *** examples.

Recording **********

******* ***** *** ** different ********** *** ********* depending ** *** **** of *** ** ****, schedules *** ********* **** for ******* ************. ***** a ****** *** ******* continuous ********* ****** ******** hours, **** ******* *** be **** ** ********* to ****** ********* ***** hours.

**** ** **** ******** used ** **** ** storage ***** **** ********* significantly.

Automatic ******* ********

*********, ********* ** *******, follow * *****-**-*****-*** (****) method *** ******** *****. In ********, **** ***** recorders **** ********* ****** the ****** ***** ** free ** ***** *** new ***** ** ** recorded, **** ***** ** limited.

**** ******* ***** ***** to ******* ******** ***** clips **** ********* ******** to ******** ******** ******** of **** ********** (******** incidents, ******** *****, ***.).

RAID / **********

**** ** *** **** common *** ***** ********* method ** ******* **** redundancy *** ******** *****. Video **** **** ** written ** ****** ******** drives ** ** * drive ***** (** **** drives ********* ** *** RAID), *** ******* *** be *********. *** **** common **** ************* **** in ************ ******* *** RAID * (* ********* drive) *** **** * (2 ********* ******).

********* ****** **** **** do *** *** ** the ***** ******* ******** of *** ******, ** there ** ** ***** cost *** *******. ********, RAID ******* *** **** hours ** ******* *** rebuild **** * ***** fails, ***** *** ************* impact ****** ***********

**********

********* ******* ***** **** video ** ******** ** 2 ********* **************, ***** backup ******* ***** *** video ** ***** ******** on ******* ******* *** then ****** ** * secondary/backup ******* ********. **** means ********* ********* **** with * ************ ******** loss (*.*. ********* ****** motherboard *******).

***** ********* ***/** ****** servers **** *********** ****** the **** *** ******* because ***** *** ****** and **** ***** ********* are ******** *** ****. These *** ******** ** most ************ *******.

*********

********* ** * **** of ********* ********** ** which * ***** ** typically ********* ************** ** the ****** *** * recorder. ** *** ******'* network ********** ** **** and *** ******** ****** be ******* *** ****** continues ** ****** *******. Once ******* ************ ** restored *** ****** **** upload *** ******* ******** video ** **** ** any **** ** *** server *********.

**** ** * ******* typically **** ********* ** enterprise-focused ***** *** *****-******* VSaaS ******* **** ****** or ******* *********.

Encrypted ********* *** ******** ** *** *** ***

****** *** ***-***** ******* default ** ********-********* *** non-encrypted *********, ******* *** need ** *** ** to * ****** **** a **** *** ******** to **** **********, *** the ***** ***** *** unencrypted ** *******.

********** ******** ***** **** significant ************* ****, **-**% higher **** ***-*********, ***** is *** ******* ******** factor ** *****-********* **** and *****. ************, ******* many **** *** ***** are ******* ****** *** recorded, ********** ** *** commonly **** ** *********. However, ** *** ******* is ********, *** ******* gains ****** ** ******** storage, *** ***** ***** are *********** **** ************ viewing.

***** ************* ********* ****** their ******* "***-**-***" **********, meaning *** ***** ** encrypted ** **** ** it ** ******** ** the ******. ******* ***** systems *** ******** ** stream *** ****** **** the ********, ********** ** a **** **** ******** aspect. *******, **** **** means **** ******** ********** is ****** ********, ** essentially *** ******* *** exposed ** *** ********, and**** ******* *** ******.