Remote Network Access for Video Surveillance Guide

******** ********* ************ ******* is *** ** ****, with**** *** **** ***** relying ** ****** ****** ***** **** *** of ********* *** ******. However, ****** ****** ****** unique ********** **** ****** security, **** ** ******, and ************* ********** *** needing ** ** ******* against **** *****.

Five ****** ****** ******* *** ***** ************

** **** ******, ** explain *** *** **** most ****** ****** ****** options *** ***** ************ work:

• **** **********
• ********* **** *** **** (UPnP)
• ***** / '***** ****' (e.g., ********* ***-*******, *******, Nest)
• ******* ******* ******** (****)

** **** ******* *** the ********* ****** ****** service ******* *** ** used **** **** ********** and ***.

(*******:******* ********** *** ***** Surveillance ***************** **. ********* ******** For ************).

2020: ***** ******** ** ********

****** ******* *** ************ system ** *** ********, it ************** *************** *** ***** ********. ******* ***** *************** were ******** ** ***** manufacturers' *******, *********:

• *** **** -***** ******** ***** ***************- ***** *** ** OEMs ********* ********* *** Stanley *** ****-***** ***** keys / ********* ***** were ****** *** ***** be **** ** ********** gain **** ****** ** cloud ********* *********.
• ***** **** -***** ************ *************** **** To ****** *****- *********-********** ***-***** ********* Target *** ********** ** exploiting ***** *************** ** equipment ************ ** ******** and *****.
• ***** **** -***** *************** **** ** DDoS *******- * ***************: ******* injection *************** **** ********, FTP, *** ***, ********* credentials, *** ********* **** reading ************* **** ***** DVRs.
• ******** **** -******* ***/*** *************- ****** (*********) ******** uses * *********** ** port ******** ** **** enable ****** ***** **** hardcoded **** ***********.
• ******** **** -*****, ******** ****-******** ***************: *** **.* ******** vulnerabilities ***** **** *.* and *.* ***** ***************. The ***** **.* ************* affects ***** **** *** uses *************** ** ********* data ***** ********* *** use ** ******** ******* code. *** ***** **.* vulnerability ******* ** ***** Video ********* ******* *** is **** ******** *********** due ** *** *** services ******* ************** *** critical *********.
• ******* **** -********* ****** *** & NVR *************- ********* *** **** to ******** ******* **** and *** *** ********* vulnerability ** ******** *** could **** *************** ****** to *** *** **** interface **** ***** ******.

*** ************ ** ***** ************ Cybersecurity *************** *** *********** **** *********** ** these *** ***** ******, including *** **** ** they *****.

******* ** *** ******** of ***** ********* *** their ********** *********, ** is ******** **** ***** understand *** ****** ** cybersecurity *** ************ *******, and *** ** ******* against ****** ******* ** the **** *****.

** ******** ********* **************** ******** *** ** Video ****************** **********.

[***************]

Remote ****** ******* ***

*********** ********* *** **** and **** / **** forwarding **** * ******* minority ***** ***, ** our******* ***** ****** *****:

Port **********

**** ********** **** *** private ** ******* ** the ******** ** ** camera ** *** ****** IP ******* ** * user's ****** ** **** it *** ** ******** accessible. ***** ** ******** router ************* ******* *********** enough **** **** ********** novices **** ******** ** do ** *********.

** ****** * ****** or ********, ***** ** (HTTP) *** *** (**** video *********) *** **** often **** *** **** often ******. **** ******* require ********** ***** ** be ****** *** *************, control, ** **************, ** well. *** *******, **** image ***** *** *** ports ********* ** * Dahua *** ** * consumer ******:

**** **** ** ******** devices *** ** ** viewed *** *** ********, different ******** ***** **** be ****** ** ***** internal *****, ** ********** the **** **** ** two ******* ******* ** errors.

*** *******, ** *** NVRs *** ** ** viewed ******** ***** ** address ***.**.***.**, *** **** use **** **, ******** may **** **** ****:

• ****: ***.**.***.**:**** ---> ***.***.*.*:**
• ****: ***.**.***.**:**** ---> ***.***.*.*:**

Universal **** *** ****

********* **** *** **** (UPnP)** * *** ** protocols ***** ******** ****** discovery *** ************* ** a ***** *******. *** of *** **** ** UPnP ** *********** ****** port ********** (*****), ******** a **** ****** ** automatically ****** **** ******** in * ****** ******* any ************ **** *** user.

*** *******, *** ***** below ***** **** **** forwarding ************* ********* ** three ******** ********* ** cameras (******** ***** *** camera):

*******, ** ********, **** is ********** ** **** cases. ** **** ******** networks, ***** *** *****, UPnP ********* *** ****** off, ********* ****** **** forwarding. ** ******** ***, port ******** *** *** function ********, *** ** added **** **** ****, may ******** **** ***** devices, ** *** ****** not ** ***** ** all. ****** ****** *****, error *********** ** ****** available **** **** **** mapping *****, ******* *** user ******* *** ***** of ***************. ******* ** these *******, ****** **** forwarding *** ****** **** common ** ********** ************.

Dynamic ***

*********, **** ** *** provide ****** ** ********* to *********** *** ***** business ******** (******* ** additional ******), ** **** time, *** ****** ** address ******** ** **** may ******. *** *******, the ****** ** ******* of **** ***** *** be **.**.**.*** ***** *** tomorrow ** ***** ** 84.32.34.119. ** **** ****** video ****** ** ********** to ******* ** **.**.**.***, tomorrow ** ***** ****.

******* ***, ** ********* remote ****** *******, ******** this ** ******* ** a ******* ********, *.*. Site2-NVR3.dyndns.org ******* ** ***.***.***.***. The **** ******* ******* the ** ******* ************* to **** ******** ************, or ************* ******* ******* and ******* *********** ** some *****.

** ************, **** ** most ******** **** **** DVRs/NVRs **** **** **** port *********. **** ************* host ***** *** ******* DDNS ******** **** ** users *** ******** ***** equipment (****** ********* ** ****** does), *** ****, ** not ****, ****** **** include * *****-** **** client, **** ** **** the ******'* ** ******* up ** ****. ****** may ****** ** *** DDNS **** **** **** have * ****** ******* as * **** ******** domain **** *** ** preferred **** ** ** address. *** ******* ***** party **** ******** *************.

**** ** ****** **** to ******* ********** ******* to * ***, ***** the ****** ******* ** update *** ** ******* upon * ****** **** render ** ***********, ********* in **** ***** *** requiring * **** ***** to ******. ********, ** professional ************ ************ ** is **** ****** ** remotely ******* ** *** VMS/NVR *** ******** ** cameras.

**** ** **** **** with *** *********** *** managing *** ************** ******* IP ******* ****** ** that *** *****, *******, and ***** ***** *** access *** *** ****** / ************ **** **** the ** *** *******. DDNS ** **** **** with *** ** ******* a **** **** ******** address ** ****** **** rather **** ** ** address.

Public ********** ******* **** - ****, ****, *** **** **********

***** ****, **** ***/** port ********** ******* ***'* devices ** *** ****** public ********, ******* **** anyone *** ******* ** connect *** ****** ***'* device ******* (*.*., ****** or ********). ******* *** attack ******** ** ******** of ******* * *** across *** ****** ********, either ****** ** ******** trying ** ********* ** by ******* ***** ** potentially ********** ******* (*.*.,****** **** ** ********* public ********** - ********* port ********* *******). *** ***** ********** with **** ****, ****** ********'* *** ************* of ***** ******: ** built * **** *** toaster, *** ** *** compromised ** ** ****. **** ******** ******* to ***** ************, ********** ***** ********** ************ ** ****** ********** ****** ** ***** devices ***** ****** **** forwarded ****** *******. ** ** *** recommend ****** **** ******* publicly **********.

**** *** * ****** demonstrating*** **** **** ** these *************** *** ** exploit. ** **** **** a ******** ********** ** our********** ********** ******** ******** ** hack (*** ****** **********) cameras.

Cloud / '***** ****'

** ********* *** ********** and ********* *** ****** involved ** ****** **** forwarding, ****, *** ******* DNS, ***** *********** **** become **** *********. ***** connections *** * **** of *** (********* ****** application-specific ****) ***** ******** limited ** ** **** interaction ** *********.

******* ************* ***** ***** own ********* ***** ******* cameras *** **** ** the *****, **** ****** *********,********* (***** / ***-*******),*******, *** ******. ********/******** of ****** ******* *** security/home ********** ******* ********* also *** **** **** of ************, **** ****** ***,******* ********,******, ******.

**** ********, ***** *** been * ******* ***** of ***** ****** ***** access ** ***** *****, so ***** *** ** monitored ******** ** *** mobile ******* ***-****, *****************,*****, ********** *****. **** ****** ****** remote ********** ******* **** forwarding, *** **** *** directly ******* ******* ** the *****.

TLS *******

***** *********** *** ********* made *** * ********* (********* ***** ********, an ********** ********)******, *** ** *** these ***** ***** (***** on *** ***** *****):

1. ********** ****** ***** * HELLO ******* ** ******* a **********.
2. ****** ***** ***** ***** with ********* ***********.
3. * ********* ** ********* and * ****** ****** is *** **.
4. **** *** *** ****** is ** *****, **** sent ******* ** ** encrypted, **** ******** *** data ********* ******** (***** only ** "*********** ****" in *** ******* *****).

***** ** * ********* trace *** ** **** camera **** **** *******:

****** ***** **** ** "Application ****" *****, **** the ****** ** *** up, ******* ********* **** as ****(*), ****,***, ***,***., *** **** *** camera ******* *** *********.

***** / '***** ****' connections *** *** ******* and **** ******** ******* to ******* ****** ****** to **** *** ***** business. *******, *** ********* or ******** *****, ** administrators *** ** ********* about ******** ***** ******* to '*** ******' ***** firewalls.

Push ** **** ** *****

***** **** *** **** forwarding **** **** ******* for *****, ***** *** been * **** ** move ** ***** ******** in *** **** *** years, ** ***** ** part *** ** *** increase ********** *** ***** *******. ******* '*****-*****' ***** have **** ******* **** trend, **** **************, ***** ********* ****************. ************, *** ********** such ** ******* *** Milestone **** ******** ***** VMS, ** **** (******* ********************** *****).

**** **** **** ***** cloud ************* **** ****** ** video *** ***** **** is *********** *** ****** tunnel, ******** ** ***** from *** ******* ** users ** *** ************/********* providing *** *******, ** well ** ***** ********* hosting ********. **** ***** that, *** *******, ***********'* ***** *******,***** *******, ********* ********, *** ***** of *** ******* *** likely ** ** ********, instead ** **** ******* numbers ******** ********** **** targeted *****.

Dedicated ******* ******* ********

*** **** ****** ****** historically *** ****** ************* to ******* ****** ******* and ***** ** * dedicated ***, ********* ***** hardware ********** (**** ** SonicWall ** ***** *********) located ** **** ****. This ********* ******* * tunnel ******* *** ******** to *** ****** ********, effectively ******** * ****** video *******, ******* ***** in ********* *********.

** ************, ********* **** are ********* **** **** used ** ****** *****-**** installations. *** ********** **** historically **** $***-*** *** site, ****** ****** *** dropping, ******** ******* ******** ** $100 ** ****.

Recommended - ****

** ********* ****** ******** ****** **** video ************ *******. ***** port ********** (** ****, DDNs, ***.) *** ** cheaper *** ******* ** front, **** ****** **** devices ** ***** ******** and ****** ** *** vulnerabilities *** *****. ***** cloud ******** *** ***** improved, *** *** *** risk ** **** ***** exploited ***/** *** ***** service ******** ********* ** abusing **** ******.

***** *** *** ****** VPN ************** **** ** video ************, **** ** site *** *** ****** access ***. * **** to **** *** ******** one ******** ** *******, like * **** ****** and * ********* ******. This ** ******** **** to ******* ** ******* and/or ******* ******** ** one ******** ** *******. This ** *********** *****:

*** ***** ****** ***** is ****** ******. **** is **** *** * single ******, **** * laptop ** ****** ****** to ******** ******* ** the ***** ************ *******. This ** *********** *****:

Test **** *********

**** ***** ******** *******.