Fingerprints for Access Control Guide

***** *** **** ******, but **** ***** ******** a ******, *****?

******* ****** ************* ** ****** *** fingerprints, *** ** *** become *** ** *** most ******* *********** **** for ******.

*******, *** ********* *** limitations, ***** ** **** costly, *** ** *** typically **** ** *** only ********** ** ******.

** **** *****, ** examine *** ******* ************** and ******* *** ***** fingerprints:

• *** **** ******* **** matter ** *********** ***
• *********** ****** **** **. Cons
• *** ************ ** *** typically ******* ***** ***********
• *********** ******* ********* **** more
• *** ***** ****** *********** sensors **** ** ******
• *** ******** **** ******
• ***** ******** ************ *** ideal *** ************
• ***** ***** ************ *** not * **** *****
• *********** ******* ********** **** mobile ******

[***************]

Fingerprint *********** ********

******** ***** ** ******** biometrics, ********* ************, **** as:

• ****** ****: *********** ******* ********* cost **** ******** ** 'simple' ********* *********** ********** type *******.
• ******** *********** ******: ** **** *****, fingerprints *** *** ******** enough ** ** **** as *** **** **********, and **** ** ****** with * ********* *** or **** **********.
• ******** ****: ******** ** *** instant, *** ***** ****. More ******** ***** **** more ****, *** ******* in ***** ********* *** take **** ********** ******* compared ** *********** ***********.
• ****** ***********:*** *** ******* *** rated *** *** ** harsh *******, ***** ************, or ***** **** ****** for ******* ** ****** impact ***********.

** *** ******** *****, we ******* *** **** and **** ** ************ where *********** ******* **** sense.

Advantages ************

********** ** *********** ******* have *** ***** ** some ****** ************:

• *********** ****** *********: ******* do *** *** **** or ******.
• **** ******** ************ ********: Because ************ *** *** general ******, **** ***** match ******** ***** ** credentials.
• ***** ******* ********: *** of *** ******* ******** with ******** ****** ** sharing ***********. ************ ******* mitigate *** ****.

Downsides ************

** *** ***** ****, if *** ******* ****** for ******** **** ** convenience (**: "* ** longer **** ** ***** a ****"), *********** ******* frequently *** **** *********** due ** *********** ********** or ***** **** *** not ******** ******** ****** deployment.

**** ** ***** ***:

• **** ************* & ********: Whether ********* ** ***, users ***** ***** ** are ********* *** ******** and ****** *********** **** is ****** *** ****.
• **** ***********: *** *** openings *** ****** *** fingerprint *****. ******* **** and ******* ******** *** classic ****** ******** *** fingerprints.
• ******** & ********* *********: What ******* **** ******* are ***, ******, ** users ***? ****** ************* often **** ************ **** one *** *** *** the ****.
• ** **** ******* ***: Plastic ****** ***** *** used ** ********* ******* ID *****, *** *********** access **** *** *** them ** ***.
• **** **** ********** *** Distinctive: ******* **** ************ are *** ***** *******, but **** ****** ******, the *********** ** **** uniqueness ****** *** *** be ***** *** ** only * *** ****** are *******.

Other *********** ***** ***** ******

******* ****** ******* ******, and ******* ** ******** fluctuations ** ******* *** the ***** ****, ********** fingerprint ***** ****** ****** take *****.

*** **** ****** ********** is **** **** **** of ****** ********** ** used, ** *********** ******* are ********* ******** *******-****** ****** ********** ***** ***** ************* options.

********** ** ************ ******, no *********** ****** ** accurate ***% ** *** time. ***** *** '***** positive' ****, ** ********** granting ****** ** ** unrecognized ******, ** *** there ** ********* *** frustrating '***** ********' *****, or ********** ******** * previously ********** ******. ** many *****, * ***** redundant ****** *** ** card *** ** **** instead.

*** ****** ***** ** one ******* ** * 'three ******' ******, *** products ********** *** ** five ******* *** ******:

***** ******** ******* ** often ******, **** ******** both ****** *** ********** management *****.

******** ******* **** *** useful *** ****-******** *********, where *** ***** ************ tightens ****** ** **** certain ******, *** **** specific *****.

*** **** *********** ************, not **** ** * valid **** ** *** required, *** ********* '*****' that *** *** *** person ****** **** ** also *****-******* *** *********** scan.

Fingerprint ******* **** ****

*** ******** ** **** for * *********** ******* is ~** ** *** more ********* **** ** equivalent *********** ******.

**** *** ******* *** (~$700) *** ****** ***** compared ** * (~$***) HID ****** ** ***, a ********** ** ***** 4.5X.

** ***** *****, **** expensive *********** ******* **** ZK ****'* ****** ****** cost ~$***, *** *******'* Bioentry * ****** **** ~$500. ** *******, **** these **** ****** *********** units *** **** ********* than ******* *********** **** readers.

*******, *****-****** ****** *** be ****** ******** *******, have **** ********** ******* some ****** ****** ****** (i.e., ****** *** ****** but ***** ******* *** more *********), *** ***** Wiegand **** (*** ******** high-security ****).

**** **** ******** *** additional ***** ** ********** cards (******* $* - $8 ****), *** *********** option *** ** ************* less *********.

Three ****** ****** *********** *******

*** ****** ***** **** in ****** ****** *** the ***** **** ** general ******** *******. *** three ***** **** ******* to ****** ***:

• ******* / *******
• ***********
• **********

Optical / *******

**** *********** ****** ******* use ******* ** ******* sensors. ** *******, ******* sensors *** **** ******, although *********** *** ****** are ****** *** ****.

**** ***** ** ****** often ***** **** **** other ****** *****, *** scans * ****** ** a ***-****** *****, ******* it **** ****** ******** by ***** **** *** surface **** ** *******.

**** ***** ***** ***** finger ** *** ******, the ****** ******** ** 'image' ** *** ******, which ** **** ** a ********* *** ********** to * ******* ** images. *** *** ****** of **** ******* ******* in ****** **** ******** reads, *** ******** *** sensor ****** ** ****** protected **** ***** *******.

** *******, *** ****** is **** ** * time *** **** ** placed ** ******* **** the ******. ******* ****** from $*** ** **** than $*,*** *** ***** units.

***********

*** ** *** ******* issues **** **** *********** readers ** **** ********** is *** *** **** on ****** ** **** at * ****, *********** becoming * *** ********** for **** ****** ********.

*********** ******* ******** ***** this *****, ***** ******* multiple ******* '** *** fly' ******* ***** **** breaking ******.

*******, * *** ******** to ***** ******* ** cost, **** ******** ***** starting ** ~$*,*** *** stand ******** **** ********** models ******* ~$**,*** ** more.

**********

**** **** ********* **** of ****** ***** ** less *****, **** *****, and ** ****** **** in ******** ***** ********** devices *** ** **** common *** ********** ****** readers.

** ********** ************ **** contact **** *** *****, the ********** ******** ** a *********** **** ******* with *** ***** *** register * ****** '***********'. While ********** ** ** individual *********** ** ****, the ****** ** **** sensitive ** ******* ** the *****, *** **** materials ** ****** ** hand-lotion ***** ** ********* with ********** *****.

** *******, ********** ****** models ***** ** ~$** each *** *** ***** limited ** *** ******* they **** ****** ** how **** ****** **** can **** *** ******.

Scanning **** ******

*********** ******* **** ********** prints ** * ***** number ** ********* ('******') and **** ***** *** characteristics ** ***** ********** sampled ****** ** ********* to ******* ********** ****** scans. '*********** *******' ** identity ************* *** **** when ********** **** **** points ***** ** **** templates, *** *** ********* do *** ******* '***** print' *******.

*** ****** *** *********** scan **** *****, *** more ********** **** ** required ** ***** ***********. Because *** ***** ** biometric ************* ** ****** a '****' *** ********* it ******* * '*****' library ** ******* (** even **** * **** record ******* ** * card), *** ****** ** time * **** ***** to ******** ***** ***.

*** ********** **** ** often *** *********** *** less **** *** *******, but ******* ***** ********* tends ** ** **** shorter **** * **** is ******** ** * locked ****, *********** ******* in **** ** **** environments, ******** ** *** near-instantaneous ******* ** ******* and ********* * ********** card.

Environmental ***********

*** **** ** *** readers ********** ******* ********** from ******* *******, ************ themselves ******* ******* ***********.

************* **** ***** *****, cuts *** ******* ** finger ****, *** *** age ** *** ****** bearer *** ****** ** how ****** *** ********** the ***** ** ****. Likewise, ******* ********* ** wet ** ***** ************ face ********* ********.

***** **** ****** *********** factors, ***** *** '********' considerations ** ****. *** example, ******** *********** **** gloves **** ** ** removed ** ***** ** read * *****. ***** a ***** *************, **** used ** **** ** sterile ************ ****** ***** to ****** ****** ****** entry ** * ********* problem.

** ********, ****** ******** a ******* ***** *** susceptible ** ******* ****, moisture, *** ******* **** to ****** **** ** the ******* ** ************, and **** ********* ***** readers *** ********* ** 'potted' ********* **** ** not *** *********** **** while ****** **** ********* to ***** *******.

Most ****** *********** ************

***** *** ******* ************** for *********** *******, ******* use ** ***** *** compared ** **** *** fob *******.

** **** *****, *********** readers *** **** **** for ****** ****, ****** openings **** ******* ** individual ***** **** **** a ***** ********** ** many ***** ******* ****** at **** *** **** are ********* **** *******.

*** **** ********** ********, traditional *********** *** *** a ***** ********* ** users, *** ***** ** weak ************* ** '*** something **** ** *** broken' ***** *** **** relative **** ** *********** readers.

******* ************ *** ******* alike *** ******* ** environmental *******, **** ********* are **** ** '**** security' ****** ************ ***** 'multi-factor' *********** *** *********.

Special ************

*******, ************* ***** ** fingerprints **** ****** ** new ************ *** *** equipment. ***** *** '********' applications ** **** *****:

• ******* ****** / ***:******* *****-** ***** ** fingerprints, ********* *** *** and *********** ******* ******* of ******** ***** ********.
• ********* **********: ** ***** ** retrieve ********, * **** must **** * *********** that ******* *** '******** to ****-** ********' ****. This ******** ** ********** important ***** ******* ** children ** * *********** legal ***** *** **** people.
• ****-******* *******: *** *********** ** are ******** **** ******* access ** **** *** and **** ** ********* based ** *********** **.

Fingerprints **. ****** ******

*** ****** ************ **** high ******** *** **********, like ************, *** ****** where ***** ******* ***** cards **** ***********.

** *******, ** ***** are ***** ***** ****** for ******, ****** ******* do *** ******* ************ too. *** *******, ** our ************ ****** ********, **** ** *** readers ** ****** ******** fingerprints ** **** *** the ****** ** ** fingerprint *******.

*******, ** **** *****, the ************ *** **** together ** *********** ***** include * *********** ********* unlock.

*** **** ********* ** mobile ****** ****** ** users ****** *********** *******, while *********** ******* ******* no ******.

*** ****-******** *********** ***** user ****** *** ********** or ***** *********** ****** credentials **** * ****** risk ** ***** ******/******, fingerprint ******* (********** **** in *********** ************** ***********) are **** ******.

[****: **** ***** *** initially ******* ** ****, and ************* *******/******* ** 2019.]