How Are Lens Formats Related To Sensor Size? (1/4", 1/3", 1/2", Etc.)

To avoid vignetting, the lens format should be larger than the sensor size. So in the case of a 1/1.7" sensor, the lens should be rated for 1/1.7" or larger. 2/3" should work with issue, for example.

Some lenses are clear about this. Like those in this Bosch data sheet, which clearly show 1/2.5", 1/1.8", etc. 

Also you are correct about resolving power. It's pretty rarely specified. Even if it were, without well defined standards for what "3MP" or "5MP" lenses mean, it's open to interpretation.

#1, good question. I hope Ethan's explanation helps. 

To add about the resolving power point, since lenses don't have anything directly to do with pixels, manufacturers use approximations to 'convert' but technically the lens specification relevant is line pairs / millimeter (lp/mm), e.g., see this tutorial.

Btw, #1, do you regularly use add-on lenses for cameras. I ask because, in the old days, surveillance cameras were built and often shipped without lenses but now 90%+ come with an integrated lens, which you are stuck with.

I'm an enthusiast, trying to assemble my own cameras. I'm an avid photographer. Photography lenses undergo many reviews, CCTV lenses not so much and the specs vary.

Places like B&H sell CCTV lenses, people must use them somehow. Making all the parts work together and fit at reasonable cost is certainly a challenge.